Chapter 9, Problem 9.9EP

Indicate to which of the following types of reactions each of the statements listed applies: combination, decomposition, displacement, exchange, and combustion. More than one answer is possible for a given statement.

1. a. An element may be a reactant.
2. b. An element may be a product.
3. c. A compound may be a reactant.
4. d. A compound may be a product.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical reactions correspond to the statement -‘An element may be a reactant’ has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Combustion Reaction:

It is a type of reaction in which oxygen is one of the reactant.  It will involve the evolution of heat and light.  Hydrocarbons mainly undergo combustion reaction.  In case of hydrocarbons carbon dioxide and water will be the product.

Example:

  ${\text{2C}}_{\text{2}}{\text{H}}_2{\text{+5O}}_{\text{2}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{4CO}}_{\text{2}}{\text{+2H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$

Displacement Reaction:

It is a type of chemical reaction in which the more reactive element displaces the less reactive.

There must be two reactants and products in a displacement reaction.

There are two types of displacement reaction

Single Displacement Reaction:

In this reaction, one reactant is replaced by the other reactant.

Example:

  ${\text{Fe+CuSO}}_{\text{4}}\underset{}{\to }{\text{FeSO}}_{\text{4}}\text{+Cu}$

Double Displacement Reactions:

In this type of reactions both cations and anions in the reactants exchange their partners and form products.

Example:

  ${\text{AgNO}}_{\text{3}}\text{+NaCl}\underset{}{\to }{\text{AgCl+NaNO}}_{\text{3}}$

Combination Reactions:

It is a type of chemical reaction in which two or more reactants combine to form a single product

It is also known as synthesis reactions.

Example:

  ${\text{2Na(s)+Cl}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}\stackrel{}{\to }\text{2NaCl(s)}$

Answer to Problem 9.9EP

An element may be a reactant in Combination reaction, Combustion reaction and Displacement reaction.

Explanation of Solution

In combustion reaction, the reaction is between a substance and oxygen.

In combination reaction, two or more reactants combine to give a product.

In displacement reaction, one reactant will displaces other to give products.

Hence, an element may be the reactant in combination, displacement and combustion reactions.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical reactions correspond to the statement -‘An element may be a product’ has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Displacement Reaction:

It is a type of chemical reaction in which the more reactive element displaces the less reactive.

There must be two reactants and products in a displacement reaction.

There are two types of displacement reaction:

Single Displacement Reaction:

In this reaction, one reactant is replaced by the other reactant.

Example:

  ${\text{Fe+CuSO}}_{\text{4}}\underset{}{\to }{\text{FeSO}}_{\text{4}}\text{+Cu}$

Double Displacement Reactions:

In this type of reactions both cations and anions in the reactants exchange their partners and form products.

Example:

${\text{AgNO}}_{\text{3}}\text{+NaCl}\underset{}{\to }{\text{AgCl+NaNO}}_{\text{3}}$

Decomposition Reactions:

It is a type of chemical reaction in which a single reactant breaks down to give two or more products.  This reaction is opposite to Synthesis reaction.

Example:

  ${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{CaO+CO}}_{\text{2}}$

Calcium carbonate is decomposed to give Calcium carbonate and Carbon dioxide.

Answer to Problem 9.9EP

An element may be the product in decomposition reaction and displacement reaction.

Explanation of Solution

In displacement reaction, one reactant will displaces other to give products.

In decomposition reaction, the reactant is getting converted to simpler substances.

Hence an element may be a product in decomposition and displacement reactions.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical reactions correspond to the statement -‘A compound may be a reactant’ has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Combustion Reaction:

It is a type of reaction in which oxygen is one of the reactant.  It will involve the evolution of heat and light.  Hydrocarbons mainly undergo combustion reaction.  In case of hydrocarbons carbon dioxide and water will be the product.

Example:

  ${\text{2C}}_{\text{2}}{\text{H}}_2{\text{+5O}}_{\text{2}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{4CO}}_{\text{2}}{\text{+2H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$

Displacement Reaction:

It is a type of chemical reaction in which the more reactive element displaces the less reactive.

There must be two reactants and products in a displacement reaction.

There are two types of displacement reaction.

Single Displacement Reaction:

In this reaction, one reactant is replaced by the other reactant.

Example:

  ${\text{Fe+CuSO}}_{\text{4}}\underset{}{\to }{\text{FeSO}}_{\text{4}}\text{+Cu}$

Double Displacement Reactions:

In this type of reactions both cations and anions in the reactants exchange their partners and form products.

Example:

  ${\text{AgNO}}_{\text{3}}\text{+NaCl}\underset{}{\to }{\text{AgCl+NaNO}}_{\text{3}}$

Combination Reactions:

It is a type of chemical reaction in which two or more reactants combine to form a single product

It is also known as synthesis reactions.

Example:

  ${\text{2Na(s)+Cl}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}\stackrel{}{\to }\text{2NaCl(s)}$

Decomposition Reactions:

It is a type of chemical reaction in which a single reactant breaks down to give two or more products.  This reaction is opposite to Synthesis reaction.

Example:

  ${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{CaO+CO}}_{\text{2}}$

Calcium carbonate is decomposed to give Calcium carbonate and Carbon dioxide.

Exchange Reactions:

It is a type of chemical reaction in which two substance will exchange parts with one another.

Example:

  ${\text{2KI+Pb(NO}}_{\text{3}}{\text{)}}_{\text{2}}\underset{}{\to }{\text{2KNO}}_{\text{3}}{\text{+PbI}}_{\text{2}}$

Answer to Problem 9.9EP

A compound may be a reactant in combination, exchange, combustion, displacement, decomposition reactions.

Explanation of Solution

In combustion reaction, the reaction is between a substance and oxygen.

In combination reaction, two or more reactants combine to give a product.

In displacement reaction, one reactant will displaces other to give products.

In decomposition reaction, the reactant is getting converted to simpler substances.

In exchange reaction, two substances will exchange parts with another giving the product.

Hence a compound may be a reactant in combination, combustion, decomposition, displacement and exchange reactions.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical reactions correspond to the statement -‘A compound may be a product’ has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Combustion Reaction:

It is a type of reaction in which oxygen is one of the reactant.  It will involve the evolution of heat and light.  Hydrocarbons mainly undergo combustion reaction.  In case of hydrocarbons carbon dioxide and water will be the product.

Example:

  ${\text{2C}}_{\text{2}}{\text{H}}_2{\text{+5O}}_{\text{2}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{4CO}}_{\text{2}}{\text{+2H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$

Displacement Reaction:

It is a type of chemical reaction in which the more reactive element displaces the less reactive.

There must be two reactants and products in a displacement reaction.

There are two types of displacement reaction.

Single Displacement Reaction:

In this reaction, one reactant is replaced by the other reactant.

Example:

  ${\text{Fe+CuSO}}_{\text{4}}\underset{}{\to }{\text{FeSO}}_{\text{4}}\text{+Cu}$

Double Displacement Reactions:

In this type of reactions both cations and anions in the reactants exchange their partners and form products.

Example:

  ${\text{AgNO}}_{\text{3}}\text{+NaCl}\underset{}{\to }{\text{AgCl+NaNO}}_{\text{3}}$

Combination Reactions:

It is a type of chemical reaction in which two or more reactants combine to form a single product

It is also known as synthesis reactions.

Example:

  ${\text{2Na(s)+Cl}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}\stackrel{}{\to }\text{2NaCl(s)}$

Decomposition Reactions:

It is a type of chemical reaction in which a single reactant breaks down to give two or more products.  This reaction is opposite to Synthesis reaction.

Example:

  ${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{CaO+CO}}_{\text{2}}$

Calcium carbonate is decomposed to give Calcium carbonate and Carbon dioxide.

Exchange Reactions:

It is a type of chemical reaction in which two substances will exchange parts with one another.

Example:

  ${\text{2KI+Pb(NO}}_{\text{3}}{\text{)}}_{\text{2}}\underset{}{\to }{\text{2KNO}}_{\text{3}}{\text{+PbI}}_{\text{2}}$

Answer to Problem 9.9EP

A compound may be a product in combination, exchange, combustion, displacement, decomposition reactions.

Explanation of Solution

In combustion reaction, the reaction is between a substance and oxygen.

In combination reaction, two or more reactants combine to give a product.

In displacement reaction, one reactant will displaces other to give products.

In decomposition reaction, the reactant is getting converted to simpler substances.

In exchange reaction, two substances will exchange parts with another giving the product.

Hence a compound may be a product in combination, combustion, decomposition, displacement and exchange reactions.