3GPP Long Term Evolution

An Introduction of Overview of 3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is 4G wireless communications standard radio platform technologies that allow operators to achieve higher peak throughputs than HSPA+ in higher spectrum bandwidth. LTE was developed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), and this began in 2004, with an official LTE work item started in 2006 and a completed 3GPP Release 8 specification in March 2009. Initial deployments of LTE began in late 2009, and

MIMO techniques are mostly used to accelerate system throughput over disruptive wireless communication channels. It is well known fact that with the number of transmit antenna M and number of receive antenna N, the capacity of MIMO systems increases linearly with a factor of MN. The receiver decodes the received signal vectors into actual information, a narrow band flat fading MIMO is designed as: Y=Hx+n ------ (1) Where Y & x are received and transmitted vectors, H is channel matrix

Contents 1. Overview 2. Predecessors of 4G 3.1 LTE 3.2 WiMAX 3.3 UMB (formerly EV-DO Rev. C) 3.4 Flash-OFDM 3. Objective and approach 4.5 Objectives 4.6 Approaches 4.7.1 Consideration points 4.7.2 Principal technologies 4. 4G features 5. Components 6.7 Access schemes 6.8 IPv6 support 6.9 Advanced Antenna Systems 6.10 Software-Defined Radio (SDR)

Further the consideration of space domain either with space diversity, smart antennas, and nowadays, MIMO systems has also pushed the evolution of propagation modeling toward more complex spatio-temporal considerations [1]. The MIMO antenna for wireless communications is required to have a multiple bandwidth to cover the GSM, and ISM bands. On the other hand, it is said that about

developed a long way from its existence in the early 1980’s. In the past few decades it has grown into one of the biggest market with the rise of cell phone users, the cellular network providers and cell phone makers have grown in immense amount. Cellular technologies have evolved from first generation (1G), second generation (2G), third generation (3G) and to its current technology which is fourth generation (4G) which is also known as Long Term Evolution (LTE). Fig 1.1 Evolution of Cellular

get connected seamlessly using their mobile devices without being limited by the geographical coverage of their own home networks, roaming services have been deployed, for example, GSM [9], [17], 3GPP [20], and WLANs With the advancements in various mobile and wireless networks, e.g., long-term evolution (LTE) [1] worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) [3], and roadside-to-vehicle communication systems [2], pervasive Internet access becomes a reality, enabling mobile subscribers (MSs)

the analysis of mobility between systems working on 3GPP and non 3GPP standards. Mobile operators are working on Network Densification by deploying

(OFDMA) technology. Wireless LANs soon will begin multiplying or more in throughput and range if a smart antenna technology named MIMO works out as its benefactors foresee. The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Evolved Universal Terrestial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Long Term Evolution (LTE) principles are a piece of 3G advancements. Multi-input,multi –output (MIMO) has turned into a key innovation to enhance communication over a wireless channel. With constrained spectrum, MIMO procedures attain

The research has shown that Coordinated Multi Point (CoMP) transmission can provide significant gains in terms of the overall capacity of cell and cell-edge user throughput. The main purpose of this paper is to enhance the throughput of cell and , the cell-edge user’s, and the fairness among user equipment terminals (UEs) in LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems using CoMP In this paper we propose a resource allocation scheme for coordinated multipoint (CoMP). The transmit power is allocated to spatial layer

technologies to meet the demand. LTE advanced is the successor version of LTE (Long Term Evolution), which fulfills the entire criterion specified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) to be considered as 4G. In order to satisfy all the standards specified by the ITU there were many advanced technologies and capabilities that the older telecommunication systems did not include. There has been a rapid evolution in the radio access technologies over the past decade, with each new generation