Essay on Ebola Virus

specifically MMTV (mouse mammary tumor virus), binding to LPS improve their chances of successful transmission. MMTV-bound LPS get binds to toll-like receptor 4, which is a pattern recognition receptor of LPS. This event eventually leads to the induction of interleukin-10 (IL-10), which is an immune response inhibitory cytokine. By producing IL-10, it allows MMTV to go undetected by the

discovered a documentary: Battlefield Cell. In that moment, I was hooked on learning and had a problem I wanted to solve. This film opened me up to knowledge about viruses, bacteria, and other forms of pathogens. I poured over research about the cruel virus, the line between life and death; the insidious bacteria, proliferating and destroying cell after cell; and prions, simple in their destruction of the brain. I was only eight years old, and yet I craved a chance to learn about these viruses, understand

vesicle. 2- Caveolar and Lipid Raft-Mediated Endocytosis In this method, a virus particle bind to the cell surface which by then activates signal transductionpathways required for pinching off of the vesicle, which then moves within the cytoplasm. Thenit fuses with the caveosome, which is a larger membranous organelle that contains caveolin. Thecaveosome lumen has neutral pH. Some viruses enter the

assembled into trimers, with six fold symmetry. The capsomers are assembled into arrays that have either p6 as in Paramecium bursaria Chlorella virus 1 or p3 symmetry as in Mimivirus (Xiao & Rossmann 2011). Mimivirus has a capsid (icosahedral) diameter of 400 nm with protein filaments of 100 nm from the surface of the capsid, comprising the total length of the virus up to 600 nm. While most of the other discovered large viruses size varies between 400 nm and 800 nm (Xiao et al., 2009). Mimivirus shares

Our laboratory has developed the mucosal MmuPV1 infection mouse model recently and noninvasive methods to track the infection from oral and anogenital canals longitudinally [14]. Our long term goal is to use this model to explore many unanswered questions regarding viral-host interaction during papillomavirus infection. Innate immunity, a critical part of host defense system, is not only the first line of defense against pathogens, but is also critical for stimulating adaptive immune responses in

Gene Doping Gene doping is a method used in which genes can be modified or expressed to provide a development that can enhance the body and mind. This method, gene doping was introduced in the late 1970s from several scientists after the development of recombinant of DNA. The process of gene doping can unlock the full human potential. People can deve their muscle growth, blood production, pain resistance, and much more using gene doping (Runkle). Allowing the method of gene doping, could draw

say that viruses are not “alive” because they lack many of the properties that scientists associate with living organisms. That they don’t have their own machinery for reproducing and they can only take over the machinery of cells, turning them into virus factories. Caetano-Anolles argues that viruses are alive, they used logos to support and give evidences to their claims. They argued that viruses are alive through their shapes and sizes, genetic structure and the means of their reproducing. The first

it can be Double Stranded and single stranded for viruses. The function of a virus is to replicate itself or reproduce ; Ex; Hepatitis A has RNA and Hepatitis B has DNA as genetic material. Viral Capsids are protein shell made out of protein shell made out of proteins. Some shapes of viral capsids are helical or icosahedral:

Plantar warts are caused by “human papillomavirus (HPV) type 1, 2, and 4.” Plantar warts are also known as viral infections located on the skin, usually found on the sole or surface of the foot. Plantar warts can be very tricky to treat and get rid of. Several studies have been done with different types of products that are supposed to help the warts go away for good. In this study documented by Mr. Anil Gupta from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India, it was concluded that the topical adapalene

young adults. Caused by Molluscum contagiosum virus, this disease typically presents as smooth, small, flesh-colored and dome-shaped protrusions on the skin with a central indentation (umbilication). After the eradication of smallpox, molluscum contagiosum virus remains the only representative of the pox family of viruses to infect humans. However, unlike smallpox, infections with this virus were not clinically significant until human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) stepped onto the stage. History of