Operant Conditioning Essay

Operant conditioning is the reinforcement of a desired behaviour, learning can be achieved whereby a response will come to be controlled by association of a consequence. Operant conditioning is considered to be an extension of Edward Thorndike’s law of effect explained as a person changing their behaviour to replicate positive consequences and avoid negative consequences. B. F. Skinner, professor of Psychology at Harvard University, expanded on Thorndike’s theory (O'Donohue & Ferguson, 2001). This

maybe little bit clumsy to understand certain orders or command given by his or her parents. Conditioning is a primary step for every child to learn. Morris and Maisto (2005) stated that, the well-defined stimuli which may cause the acquisition of specific pattern of behavior is what conditioning means. It is composed of two types, Classical Conditioning and Operant Conditioning. Classical Conditioning which is first inspired by Ivan Petrovich Pavlov (1849-1936) is a learning

approach operant conditioning(McLeod).” The name which went on to be distinguishable from the term classical conditioning which is commonly referenced to the study of Pavlov’s dog. Behavior modification/operant condition is drastically different from this in that the have several techniques both positive and negative to insure a positive change in condition. Does this always work? The experiment and the results are proof in case for each individual study . B.F Skinner first showed us operant conditioning

The second historical force focuses on the Behavioral and cognitive approaches. B.F. Skinner a behaviorist develops operant conditioning learning theory. In the operant conditioning theory skinner develops two types of reinforcements: Positive and negative reinforcements as well as two types of punishments: Positive and negative punishments. A reinforcement is most likely to increase the likelihood of a behavior while a punishment is more likely to decrease the likelihood of a behavior. Skinner who

sometimes even resorts to kicking and punching me. This behavior is unacceptable, I have tried to scold him but it isn’t working. I have heard of a form of learning called operant conditioning that I am going to try out. I have heard of one form of learning that people use called classical conditioning. Classical conditioning is a form of learning where an organism learns by establishing associations with events and stimuli. One of the main reasons why I could not use this method is I would have

animal behaviour can be explained in terms of conditioning, without appeal to thoughts and feelings” (Oxford dictionaries) a behaviourist believes that all learners start with a clean slate and that we are conditioned. Conditioning happens when we interact with the environment and how the environment stimulates us dictates our actions. There are two types of conditioning, classical and operant. Theorist Ivan Pavlov is associated with classical conditioning; Pavlov was born September 1849 in Rayazan

effect. Skinner segmented behaviorism into two main sections such as respondent conditioning and operant conditioning. He associated that the later the consequences tailored to the behaviors are manipulated, the more frequent similar scenarios are played out in the future. Introduction Skinner, who was a behavioral psychologist, propelled his work towards the field of behaviorism concerning operant conditioning. Though, his work was more instrumental in structuring and confirming major

1. Introduction Operant conditioning that introduce by B.F.Skinner refers to a systematic program consist of rewards and punishments, which influence the behavior by the use of reinforcement. Operant conditioning known as instrumental conditioning which animals use its own behavior as an "instrument" to pursue some goals. An individual relates particular behavior and a consequence through operant conditioning. B.F.Skinner believed that external is more obvious to explain the behavior than internal

of Spanking In chapter six in the General Psychology course, we learned about “Learning”. We learned the types of conditions that help people learn. One of the conditions is “Operant Conditioning” where learning is controlled by the organism’s behavior. During the lecture one thing that stood out to me was that in the operant condition, there is a term called positive punishment which is used to decrease bad behavior. It is used usually by parents to discipline their children when they misbehave

human education and in many cases such applications have been shown to be efficient in producing behavioral change (Hill, 2001). Operant conditioning has made a significant contribution into the development of psychology. However, as with most psychological theories, this theory it has its strengths and weaknesses. Nevertheless, operant conditioning, with both its positive and negative aspects, is very important in promoting learning of desirable behaviors or removal of undesirable