Protein Synthesis Essay

muscle protein metabolism to nutrition and exercise and have enlightened us with knowledge regarding the function and importance of certain nutrients in protein synthesis (K. Tipton & Wolfe, 2001) When performing resistance training over a period of time, muscular mass can increase (hypertrophy) in response to the specific stimulus induced on the muscle fibers during the exercise. In order for the skeletal muscle to grow, net protein synthesis must occur (protein synthesis must exceed protein breakdown)

Protein Types of Protein Milk proteins are extensively studied regarding their role in exercise training adaptations (Hartman et al., 2007; Tang, Moore, Kujbida, Tarnopolsky, & Phillips, 2009). Ingestion of milk proteins following exercise is shown to accelerate muscle recovery, increase glycogen replenishment, and improve protein balance in a positive manner that allow for increases in muscular strength and hypertrophy (Cockburn, Stevenson, Hayes, Robson-Ansley, & Howatson, 2010; Hartman et al.

and death of microbial cells. The drugs generally act on the bacterial cell wall, cell membrane, or DNA. Bacteriostatic substances only stop the bacterium from replicating without killing it and typically affect the microbe’s ability to synthesize proteins. Finally, antimicrobials are often labeled as either narrow-spectrum or broad-spectrum. Broad-spectrum drugs are effective against a wide range of pathogens and can sometimes be used to treat infections that have not been definitely diagnosed.

Protein Synthesis The Expression of a Gene      The process of Protein Synthesis involves many parts of the cell. Unlike other similar productions, this process is very complex and precise and therefore must be done in proper sequence to work effectively. The slightest error during this process could cause the action to experience difficulty or even fail. For example, in the production of starch, glucose molecules are combined to be stored and eventually utilized as usable

occur in the human body could not happen without the presence of macromolecules. The four macromolecules, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids, make up everything in the human body. These important macromolecules could not be formed without the chemical reaction of dehydration synthesis. All four of the macromolecules that make up life are formed by the reaction of dehydration synthesis, also known as condensation. As seen in figure 1, water is extracted in this reaction. This is done by

eukaryotic cells are Protists, Fungi, plants and animals. All cells share certain basic features, but the major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is their DNA. Thus, these two cells have different features on DNA transcription and protein synthesis mechanisms. The general processes of transcription may be applied to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells as their basic biochemistry was the same. But, they are differs in their specific mechanisms and regulation of transcriptions. In all species

The nucleus is one of the most important parts of any animal or plant cell. It has four really main functions and parts. It holds DNA in chromosomes, includes the nucleolus, controls protein synthesis, and lastly the nuclear membrane. This parts and functions really make up what we know as the nucleus. First, let’s begin with the DNA that the nucleus holds in chromosomes. This is a big factor in why the nucleus is such an important part of any animal or plant cell. These DNA polymer is a double

the DNA is remarkably long, if it were to be stretched end to end it would reach a length up to 6 feet, yet it is found in the minute sized organelles in the cells of organisms. Accordingly, despite its length, the DNA is wound around a spool-like proteins, called histones. Histones allow the DNA to be tightly wrapped enough to fit inside the

Translation is the process in which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the mRNA transcript produced during transcription. AT first, the mRNA binds with a ribosome so that it can be decoded one codon at a time. Each codon codes for an amino acid is activated. A tRNA molecule has two ends: one that has a specific

A DNA molecule is composed of a continuous string of deoxyribonucleotides. These nucleotides are composed of 5-Carbon sugar (deoxyribose), Nitrogenous base Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine, the phosphate group. DNA is usually a double-helix and has two strands running in opposite directions. Each chain is a polymer of subunits called nucleotides. Each strand has a backbone made up of sugar molecules linked together by phosphate groups. The bases are leaning perpendicularly to the helix axis. They