second topic being “anticholinergics” which are a type of drugs that block the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the brain. This paper will explain and show what effects anticholinergic medications have on the body in terms as to what receptors are being used and how they are defined and what effects and side effects can occur from anticholinergic medications. Along with these topics we will take an in depth look at how sympathomimetics medication has potential side effect with children
how to inhibit or undermine the reconsolidation of such pathways. Knowledge obtained through experimentation involving a noradrenergic beta-blocker, propranolol HCl, has demonstrated that this pharmacological antagonist acting against beta-adrenergic receptors present in the amygdala can disrupt the fear memory pathway. Although this information has been helpful in understanding the circuitry of fear memories and the role of inhibition in such pathways, it has also led to more questions pertaining
that arises from inflammatory response to infection. The response from the host is associated with immune, hormonal, metabolic, bioenergetic and autonomic nervous system modification. This is associated with an overall catabolic state, excessive adrenergic stimulation, high catecholamine levels and myocardial depression. This effects are mainly mediated via cathecholaminergic action and cytokine production (1). β-blockers modulate both these pathways. There are several studies that have shown the
Have you ever been in a situation when you thought you were going to be attacked or where you thought your life was in danger? You likely either ran away from the threat or fought the threat off. If you have been in this type of situation, you have possibly experienced the fight or flight response. The fight or flight response discovered in the early 1900s, triggers bodily changes and can be very beneficial to your survival, but in today's world, it can also be very harmful to you if you do not
Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is a life-threatening condition in which the signaling in the ventricles of the hearts is no longer coordinated. The loss of this coordinated signaling causes rapid, random and chaotic signaling leading to spasms of the ventricular walls. During VF, blood is not being circulated to the brains and the rest of the body and is therefore deprived of oxygen. This condition can be reversed by using a defibrillator, which sends an electric discharge of direct current to the
Have you ever been in a situation where you either ran away or fought it off? If you have then you have possibly experienced the fight or flight response. The fight or flight response can be very beneficial to your survival, but in today's world it can also be very harmful to you. Our fight or flight response originally protected us from saber tooth tigers (The Fight or Flight Response, paragraph 7). Today, most threats that we encounter are not a threat to our survival. People are mostly worried
There is no doubt that the study of chemistry has changed the world dramatically. Under the right circumstances, many advances in the realm of chemistry can save lives. The EpiPen® has been a wonderful chemical developed tool, aiding in potentially lethal allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis. It is important to understand what an EpiPen® is, and how it works to one day save a life if necessary. What will further be discussed is what an EpiPen® is, how it is made, used, and how it works chemically
selected demographic variables with total knowledge and total practice scores among the studied sample. Table (7) presents Comparison of total mean knowledge and practice scores regarding administration of inotropics among the studied subjects by their educational categories and work area. It revealed that there is high significant statistical difference among the means of the knowledge and practice scores of the studied subjects by their educational level where f =19.5, p= 0.001&f= 7.30;P=0.00
Chemical Name (IUPAC): (2RS)-1-(9H-Carbazol-4-yloxy)-3-[[2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino]propan-2-ol phosphate salt (1:1) hemihydrate. CAS Registry Number: 72956-09-3 Structural Formula: Description: Carvedilol phosphate is a nonselective β-adrenergic blocking agent with α1-blocking activity. Carvedilol phosphate is a white to almost-white solid with a molecular weight of 513.5 (406.5 carvedilol free base) and a molecular formula of C24H26N2O4•H3PO4•1/2 H2O. Half life: 6-8 h Melting Range: 148-150
Chemical Name (IUPAC): (2RS)-1-(9H-Carbazol-4-yloxy)-3-[[2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino]propan-2-ol phosphate salt (1:1) hemihydrate. CAS Registry Number: 72956-09-3 Structural Formula: Description: Carvedilol phosphate is a nonselective β-adrenergic blocking agent with α1-blocking activity. Carvedilol phosphate is a white to almost-white solid with a molecular weight of 513.5 (406.5 carvedilol free base) and a molecular formula of C24H26N2O4•H3PO4•1/2 H2O. Half life: 6-8 h Melting Range: 148-150