Anaemia

Sickle Cell Anaemia Describe the molecular nature and the inheritance pattern of the disease/disorder, ensuring to cite the original research paper that first identified specific genetic & molecular nature of the disease. Sickle Cell Anaemia follows an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance, meaning the gene is on an autosome as opposed to a sex chromosome, and the disease only expresses itself in individual who posses two copies of the gene. The prevalence of the disease can be mainly attributed

under the mistaken belief that it was confined to the Mediterranean region (Weatherall 2001, p.1). The disorder was discovered in 1925, when American paediatricians, Cooley and Lee, described a form of anaemia in children of Italian and Greek origin. They termed this form of anaemia ‘Cooley’s anaemia’. Coincidently in the same year in Italy, Rietti discovered a

This is because the Atlantic salmon are more prone to viral diseases at the early stage of their life.(Rimstad, E., & Mjaaland, S. (April 01, 2002).) Infectious salmon anaemia (ISA) is a major disease of Atlantic salmon,caused by an orthomyxovirus (ISAV). Outbreaks of unexplained mortalities attributed to infectious salmon anaemia (ISA) were examined in the 1996 year class of Atlantic

Iron is a vital mineral that is needed for many roles within the body. This includes the transport of oxygen in the blood with haemoglobin, myoglobin which is iron-containing and helps store oxygen in muscles cells and support of the immune system (Arens, 1996). Composition of Iron There are 2 different forms of iron, haem and non-haem. Haem iron is the most easily absorbed of the two, and is the more desirable as its absorption is not impacted by other nutrients eaten in the diet ("Iron | Nutrient

the bloodstream and circulate around the body. Due to their immaturity, these cells are unable to function properly to prevent or fight an infection. Inadequate numbers of red blood cells and platelets being made by the bone marrow. This causes anaemia, and easy bleeding and bruising. How common is ALL? Each year in Australia more than 300 people are diagnosed with ALL. ALL is a rare disease responsible for more than 0.3% of all cancers diagnosed. Who gets it? ALL can occur at any age, but is more

The production of white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets happens in bone marrow. The bone marrow produces extra white blood cells when an infection occurs. According to Gordon-Smith (2013), the main function of white blood cells is to respond to infection in the body by killing the pathogen. However, traumatic bone marrow injury may cause the abnormality of blood production. Snyder (2012) states, extreme exposure to the toxin, such as benzene can harm the bones and affect the production

M3: Discuss the care strategies that can be used to support individuals with each physiological disorder. I am going to discuss the care strategies that can be used to support individuals and discuss the circumstances in which they might use. Coronary heart disease Care provision- Statutory this type of care provision is required by law and is governed by the legislation. Local and health authorities like the NHS are all subject to the laws of the land in delivering services and meeting targets that

a) Pulse oximetry is based around the principle that oxygenated Haemoglobin will absorb more light of certain specific wavelengths of light than deoxygenated haemoglobin and vice versa. Two wavelengths of light are used in pulse oximetry, red light of approximately 600nm, and infrared light with wavelengths of approximately 900nm. These two wavelengths of light are used to differentiate between two different substances, each with their own absorbance characteristics. b) When performing pulse oximetry

Electrophoresis Introduction Sickle cell anaemia is caused by a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP). SNPs are the most common type of genetic variation, with each SNP representing a difference in a nucleotide. SNPs occur normally throughout a person’s DNA. Most commonly, they are usually found in non-coding regions and have no effect on health. When a SNP occurs in a coding region, it may play a direct role in disease by affecting the gene’s function. This SNP for sickle cell anaemia produces the recognition sequence

methotrexate can cause nausea, mouth ulcers, vomiting, diarrhoea, hair loss & skin rashes. This drug reduces the blood cells in the body. A decrease in white blood cells leads to a risk of developing infections. A decrease in red blood cells can cause anaemia and decrease in platelets increases the propensity of bleeding. Methotrexate increases the skin’s sensitivity to sunlight and hence you must use a high-factor sun cream if you go out in sun. Seek immediate medical attention, if you develop the following