animal cell essay

About Cells Cell, smallest unit of an organism that can function independently. All living organisms are made of cells, and it is generally held that nothing less than a cell can truly be said to be alive. Some microscopic organisms, such as bacteria and protozoa, are single cells whereas animals and plants are composed of many millions of cells assembled into tissues

2014 Pre-Ap Biology Research Paper The cell is the basic unit of life and is the smallest, simplest organism that can perform all of life’s functions. The cell was discovered in 1665 by Robert Hooke. The three types of cells are plant cells, animal cells, and prokaryotic cells. These cells share many qualities but are also different in many ways. There are a few organelles that exist in all three types of cells. The first of these is the cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane)

lived until birth, and not to say how many were born with a defect. Many clones that are successful tend to have a much shorter life than the original animal. (The New York Times, December 11, 2001) Clones do not generally live long because the cells that are taken from the adult animal that is to be cloned have already went through many cell divisions before the

Introduction The cell theory is composed of three ideas from three different German scientists. In 1838, scientist Mattias Schlieden said that all plants were made from cells. One year later in 1839, scientist Theodor Schwann said that all animals were made from cells. In 1855, scientist Rudolf Virchow said that all cells come from other cells. These three ideas were put together to form the cell theory. The cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic units

segregating a strand of DNA from an organism and dividing it into small genes. These genes contain enzymes that cut the bonds between nucleotides after determining the sequence of the DNA. A portion of bacterial plasmids, “small circles of DNA in plasma cells” (University of Nebraska), are then cut and combined with the previously removed DNA. Once these two components are combined, a new combination of DNA will appear. This new product is then placed in bacteria and grows into colonies on a culture dish

create an identical copy of an organism, DNA, or a cell. There are three types of cloning. The three types of cloning are DNA cloning, therapeutic cloning, and reproductive cloning. DNA cloning is when is when a scientist copies part of a strand of DNA or a gene within the DNA. This copied piece of DNA is transferred to another organism. Therapeutic cloning produces stem cells which are cells capable of shifting into any type of cell. These types of cells could treat a disease. The third type of cloning

these organelles are very vital to their cells. Without them the cells would have no energy to work with. The mitochondria and chloroplasts are important factors in cellular respiration and in photosynthesis. Even though you get the same output, the process in which each happens can have differences and similarities. The mitochondria, also referred to as the powerhouse of the cell, is found in most eukaryotic cells, including both plant and animal cells. It has a shape of an oval, and is held together

Cloning and selective breeding have been used to get the desired genetic makeup of animals. Cloning is the process of producing genetically identical copies of organisms that have identical DNA. The copied material is referred to as a clone. Clones can happen naturally such as identical twins Or they can be produce in a lab. A wide range of biological material have been successfully cloned such as cell tissues and even whole organism such as a sheep. In 1996, Dolly the cloned sheep was successfully

Name_______________________Period___________ Chapter 6: A Tour of the Cell Concept 6.1 Biologists use microscopes and the tools of biochemistry to study cells 1. The study of cells has been limited by their small size, and so they were not seen and described until 1665, when Robert Hooke first looked at dead cells from an oak tree. His contemporary, Anton van Leeuwenhoek, crafted lenses and with the improvements in optical aids, a new world was opened. Magnification and resolving power limit

in all green plant cells in the cytoplasm. Shape: Usually disc-shaped or spherical. Wall made of double membrane i.e. outer membrane and inner membrane numerous stack-like (piles) groups are interconnected by lamellae. Sac like structures called thylakoids. Placed one above the other