Anopheles

THE WAR ON MALARIA JAYME SWANSON BALTIMORE CITY COMMUNITY COLLEGE DR. SAMUEL ODEDOKUN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II OCTOBER 19, 2014  The War on Malaria About 3.3 billion people, that is about half of the world’s population are at risk of contracting malaria (figure 1). Every year there are 250 million cases of malaria, and nearly 1 million deaths. That amounts to 2,732 deaths per day. Out of those million people that die every year, 800,000 of them are African children under the age of 5. To

lives. Malaria is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium (phylum Apicomplexa), and there are four species in the genus that cause the disease in humans. Their primary hosts and transmission vectors are female mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles; humans act as intermediate hosts. Places near the equator with a warm, subtropical climate are most susceptible to malaria endemics. More than half of the

control mosquito before vaccine is created successfully. Characteristic1: Fast Vector Transmission Human is transmitted by the particular species of female mosquitoes and named Anopheles which are found worldwide but Antarctica (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). The parasite is collected by the Anopheles from the blood of infected people and multiplied, and ready to pass other person by next inject (World Health Organization, 2014). Besides, increasing tourism and human migration

of which only a handful can infect humans and of those only four which are of primary concern. Those four are p. falciparum, p. vivax, p. ovale, and p. malariae (CDC, Marcus 2009). The plasmodium parasites have a complicated life cycle with the anopheles mosquito functioning as its intermediate host and vector and the humans as its definitive and, consequently, primary

This Paper Explores Present Treatments and Control Methods against both the vector and the DCO in the human host and the advantages and disadvantages of these treatments as well as some of the political and economical "barriers" that surround treatment development Faathuma Mohumed 1343210 ENTOMOLOGY 392 MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY Dr. Andrew Keddie March 30, 2015 Malaria is a fever based disease caused by a microscopic parasite that is carried by a vector mosquito. An estimated

of a certain genus and gender. The type that transmits malaria is an Anopheles mosquito. This kind of mosquito is the only one who can affect humans because anopheles obtain a parasite when taking in the blood of an affected person. This parasite is called a Plasmodium, and it grows inside of the mosquito until it reaches its fullest potential. When this occurs, the mosquito can then infect a person. Also, only female anopheles mosquitoes can transmit malaria. This is because females need blood to

familiarity with the laboratory and clinical practices that help in carrying out the routine identification of bacteria in the samples collected. Malaria is caused when the female Anopheles mosquito that carries malaria-causing parasites bites an individual human being(Yamagishi et al., 2014). For instance, the female Anopheles mosquito bites people to feed on the blood, since the female mosquito needs blood to support during its pregnancy. When it bites the human body, it injects the parasite in the

Cause of Disease Malaria is caused by a parasite (e.g., Plasmodium) that infects the female anopheles mosquito, which in turn feeds on humans as the host. Individuals are infected with the Plasmodium parasite via vector-borne transmission, but malaria can also be transmitted through blood transfusions, mother to unborn child (e.g. vertical transmission)

people die, most of them young children. The Anopheles Malaria Mosquito. Where malaria disease is found depends mainly on climatic factors such as temperature, humidity, and rainfall. The main areas where malaria disease is found are; Africa, Madagascar, India and South America. Malaria is transmitted in tropical and subtropical areas, where the host mosquito, of the genus Anopheles, is able to survive and multiply. There are approximately 430 Anopheles mosquito species, only 30 to 40 of which transmit

Introduction As stated by Shu et al. (2004), malaria is a “parasitic infection” transmitted by female anopheles mosquito. Decades ago, this infection was once endemic in developed countries such as United States; however, it is now seen to be more localised in tropical region such as Africa (Shu et al. 2004). In the previous decade, there have been a variety of organisations that globally aimed in the eradication of malaria. According to Murray et al. (2012), Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation