Antibiotic resistance

from bacterial and fungal causes, and in some cases secondary to other viral infections like upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) [3]. It may result in serious complications as mastoiditis, meningitis or intracranial abscess [4]. In the pre-antibiotic era of the early 1900s, β-haemolytic group A Streptococcus

Introduction: Genetic Transformation is the process by which a segment of DNA of a specific organism is implanted into another organism that reads the foreign organisms DNA and presents the phenotype for the selected DNA segment.  The genetic transformation can occur using three different methods, but in the case of the experiment conducted and described below, was performed using the method of heat shock. In the experiment, heat shock was used to genetically transform a piece of DNA from a jellyfish

Transposition Mutagenesis: Post-lab Questions Rebecca Herbert Friday Lab Section 1a. What is a transposon? A transposon is a section of DNA whose location can be moved, or transposed, from a plasmid to a chromosome, or vice versa. Transposons are necessary if recipient DNA are missing a sequence that complements the donor DNA. Also referred to as “jumping genes,” transposons are unlike typical DNA which usually does not move around, and are flanked by inverted repeat sequences which contribute to

The World's Fight Against Microbes      Many infectious diseases that were nearly eradicated from the industrialized world, and newly emerging diseases are now breaking out all over the world due to the misuse of medicines, such as antibiotics and antivirals, the destruction of our environment, and shortsighted political action and/or inaction.      Viral hemorrhagic fevers are a group of diseases caused by viruses from four distinct families of viruses: filoviruses, arenaviruses, flaviviruses

goes untreated. Treatment is analgesics for pain and antibiotics, such as penicillin or

Frontline episodes “The Trouble with Antibiotics” and “Outbreak at NIH” that aired on October 14, 2014 and answer the following questions. Your answers must be given in complete sentences, typed, spell-checked and grammar-checked. Please spell-check and grammar-check your work. The episode is available at http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/trouble-with-antibiotics/. 1.)a.)Why do industrial farms use antibiotics in animal feed and water? Industrial farms use antibiotics in animal feed and water to prevent

something. The reason any doctor emphasizes the importance of finishing the prescribed bottle of antibiotics relates to all 5 steps for evolution by natural selection. The first step one is over reproduction. All animals have the ability to produce more offspring than can possibly survive. This could be critically dangerous for humans because if the bacteria duplicate numerously then the antibiotics might not even be able to kill all bacteria. Another step

doing this in response to antibiotics, which are purposed to kill bacteria so as to eliminate infections and diseases. However, now more and more bacteria are evolving to form antibiotic-resistant strains that there are no or very expensive antibiotics or treatments for yet, even if they were once easily treated diseases. Often this is a result of overuse or improper use of antibiotics by both medical professionals and patients. Overuse, such as attempting to use antibiotics for infections that do not

Listeria isolates are generally susceptible to the clinically important antibiotics, albeit usually resistant to the

Antibiotics can be extremely effective when used properly to fight infection. However, bacteria has the ability to grow a resistance to antibiotics, in some cases becoming extremely hard to treat. Antibiotics are prescribed by physicians based on what is thought to be the causative organism. Once contracted with MRSA, a patient is put on strict measures to ensure our safety from retrieving this infectious disease. The patient is kept in a private room, restricted from coming out, and when you enter