Antipope

Synopsis Italian sculptor Donatello (1386 – 1466) was the greatest Florentine sculptor before Michelangelo (1475–1564) and was the most influential individual artist of the 15th century in Italy. He was the leading sculptor of the early Renaissance. He gave a different direction to Western art taking it away from the prevalent Gothic style, which was marked by softly curved lines and an expressionless face, to the Classical style with dramatic expressions and detailed realism. Donatello pioneered

Pope Clement V moved the papacy to France where it remained for nearly sixty years before Pope Gregory XI returned it to Rome. This altercation led to a problem, for the next nearly forty years, there were two Vicars of Christ, one in Rome and an antipope in France. As earlier stated mostly all of the people at this time were illiterate so they never really knew what was going on since they were unable to read or write. There was also no concept of

Even before the Middle Ages, there had always been tension between the government in the Holy Roman Empire and the Catholic Church. This tension had built over years and years of each trying to become top dog, and be the one true power within the empire. However, during this time national monarchies began to show up, such as England and France. These monarchies outside the empire, were out of its control began to gain their own power. With their newfound power, came even more conflict with the Church

The Crusades started in the late eleventh century and continued in Europe though the end of the thirteenth century. The Crusades, at the time were simply called pilgrimages, however they are now known as the Crusades, meaning cross or holy war, because of our view of them, and their impact, after the fact. The two significant Crusades in Christian history are the First Crusades which included the People’s Crusade and Princes’ Crusade, and the other important one being the Fourth Crusade, in 1204

Section Three: Ecclesiastical Breakdown and Revival—The Late Medieval Church • Section Overview o By the latter thirteenth-century, the Roman Catholic Church appeared to be extremely powerful.  Threat of Holy Roman Empire to Rome vanquished  The French king, Louis IX, was an enthusiastic supporter of the Church  Council of Lyons (1274) declared a reunion of the Eastern Church with Rome after the pope sent forces to defend the Byzantine Empire against the Turks (the reunion only lasted seven years)

In the reading of the “Letter of Pope Urban II, 1095, a little bell rings the name Paul. The Paul that was once known as “Saul,” in relaxing and listening to the tape of Pope Urban II, as he recites this letter. It is as though Paul and Peter, the Apostles of Jesus has returned from the grave, and you hear, Paul states, “Beloved Brethren and Sisters, I speak with you from the zeal of God, as an Ambassador (paraphrase).” (Ephesians 6:20) Pope Urban II uses the scriptures to goat the people into

St. Catherine of Siena Catherine of Siena was born in Italy in 1347 at a time when political and religious changes were affecting the hierarchy of the Catholic Church. Dedicating her life to the Holy Spirit from a very young age, Catherine pursued a life of purity and simplicity that served as a background to her great literary work, The Dialogue of the Divine Providence . Her work focuses on the importance of prayer and its transcendent power in human life. In the early stages of Catherine's

In other words, the Pardoner preached his sermons on greed as to guilt those who listened into being more generous with their money so he could satisfy his own greed. Chaucer gave this excellent example of the terrible corruption of the medieval Church in Canterbury Tales. The Middle Ages spanned from the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 AD through the beginning of the Renaissance. This was a period of great hypocrisy and darkness within the Church and its leaders. The corruption of the Church during

Section One: The Black Death I. Preconditions/Causes of the Plague A. Population of Europe doubled in 1000-1300 1. Strained food supply 2. Caused higher unemployment rates and lower wages B. The Black Death followed trade routes from Asia into Europe 1. The plague traveled south to north along major trade routes II. Popular Remedies A. People believed that the plague was caused by corruption in the atmosphere 1. Some people blamed poisonous fumes from earthquakes B. Remedies 1. Many people wore

Robert of Geneva was elected to be Pope and took the name Clement VII. The situation became two popes in office: Urban at Rome and the anti-pope Clement VII at Avignon, hence marked the beginning of the Great Schism. France immediately recognized the antipope Clement while Aragon, Castile and Portugal follow suit. For England, they recognized Urban VI and the