Athabasca River

Exploring social vulnerabilities is important to look at because its helps to understand how many residents such as indigenous individuals within the Athabasca region are disregarded as being important due to the marginalization their community faces. In addition, considering economic vulnerabilities allows for individuals to realize that the Canadian economy is more important rather than the livelihood

In February 9, 2005, the TransCanada proposed a pipeline system that would be able to transport crude oil from Canada into the United States. The pipeline was given the name the Keystone Pipeline System. Originally, the pipeline was to run from Alberta, Canada to refineries in Illinois. However, in 2008 another proposition was raised in order to extend the pipeline even further to down to Texas. The proposition is known as the Keystone XL. The possible construction of the pipeline is a controversial

Running head: The Benefits and Consequences of the Alberta Tar Sands 1 The Benefits and Consequences of the Alberta Tar Sands Darlene Kittleson Environmental Science 101

Abstract Vapor extraction process for the recovery of heavy oil and bitumen was originally proposed by Dr. Butler during 1989-1991. Since its evolution, vapor extraction has emerged as a very effective and promising technique mainly due to its environment friendly nature and cost effectiveness as compared to other recovery techniques. Vapex is basically an in-situ recovery process which injects a vaporized hydrocarbon solvent in the injection well to reduce the viscosity the heavy oil and bitumen

iscuss what is meant by “ecological integrity” and relate this concept to rivers. In your answer describe the components of a river we could use to ‘measure’ integrity Ecological integrity? Ecological integrity 1.3 pdf Ecological integrity perceived as the ‘maintenance of all internal and external processes and attributes interacting with the environment in such a way that the biotic community corresponds to the natural state of the type-specific aquatic habitat, according to the principles of

Colorado River The Colorado River had the highest water quality of all tested sites. The dissolved oxygen at this site was 8.92 mg/L and could be attributed to a number of different reasons (Table 1). The sample was taken when the sun was high and water dwelling plants had been photosynthesizing for a number of hours. The water was flowing fairly quickly and there was a small riffle at the area where the reading was taken which could have increased dissolved oxygen of the water. The river had a

Descriptive Statistics The spatiotemporal pattern of water quality in the Reedy Fork and Buffalo Creek watersheds exhibits a trend of river deterioration, mainly due to Fecal Coliform. Our study suggests that most of the pollution sources were related to human activities. Looking at table 2a to 5b, it is clear that, F.Col, coliform is the dominant parameter with the highest means in all the sites, both at the Reedy Fork and Buffalo Creek watersheds. However, there are higher mean values of this nutrient

sites The Merced River is the southernmost watercourse of the California Central Valley presently inhabited by Chinook salmon whose abundance has decreased by 75% since 1950 (Yoshiyama et al., 2000). From its headwaters located in Yosemite National Park, Sierra Nevada, the Merced River flows west to join the San Joaquín River (river km 190) and drains a watershed approximately 3,297 km2 in size. Meanwhile, the elevation declines from 3,048 m to about 18.3 m. Only the first 82 river km are reachable

Figure 1. The species richness of aquatic macro-invertebrates among three stream types. The same number of species was found in the forest and urban streams. There was an insignificantly higher number of species found in the agriculture stream. Figure 2. The biotic index of the three types of streams was calculated by the sum of total tolerance values divided by the sum of total number of individuals. The forest stream had the lowest FBI value, followed by the urban stream and the agriculture

private road entrance on the east end, making trespassing required to access the riverfront. In addition, the banks along the river are steep and highly susceptible to erosion. No access to the water is possible with these conditions. The site is completely within the flood zone and temporary flood protection only exists a fourth of a mile beyond the site. The area along the river and mill creek is in the floodway, meaning even minor flooding affects the area. The rest of the site is within the 100-year