Bellman equation

the competitors predates on one of the other competitors is considered. Quantitative analyses of non-negativity and boundedness of solution trajectories, dissipativity, and behavior around equilibria, global stability and persistence of the model equations are analyzed. We present the global stability of equilibria by constructing a Lyapunov function. Hopf bifurcation theory is applied. Keywords: Chemostat; Food web; Global stability; Hopf bifurcation; Dissipative. 1. Introduction In microbiology

\section{Parameter Uniform} In the context of singularly perturbed problems posed on non-rectangular domains, the finite element method is a natural choice for many researchers (e.g. \cite{118}). However, in the context of singularly-perturbed convection-diffusion problems, it is difficult to construct monotone methods on highly anisotropic meshes, which are desirable when thin layers are present. Moreover, energy norms or other norms based on the $L^2-$norm, are the natural norms associated with

CCR and BCC models are used to measure the efficiency in a single stage. In order to explore the series relationship between the two-stage of production process or value chain. (ZhuoFan Yang, 2014) 1.2 Kao and Hwang (KH) Model Kao and Hwang (KH) Model proposed a two-stage DEA model where it is necessary for the weights associated with zdj to be the same. Their model for measuring the overall efficiency of DMUk. Kao and Hwang Model developed a different approach where the overall efficiency of the

1. Introduction 1.1 ANSYS ANSYS is a software package that allows various simulations in a range of different fields and industries to be modelled and analysed. The main fields within the program include, computational fluid dynamics, structural mechanics, and electromagnetics to mention a few. The use of this software allows an individual or business to test various cases of product use, eliminating the outlay cost of building and testing many prototypes. This saves on time and costs and is a lot

The determination of patients’ energy needs is important in the clinical practice since the balance between energy intake and expenditure has important implications to the patient’s health, as well as underfeeding and overfeeding. However, identifying the patients’ energy expenditure and designing adequate nutritional support for them can be a task, and measurements and estimative calculations are currently used in the clinical setting for this purpose1,2. Determining the energy requirements of

METHODOLGY AND MODELS FOR RESIDENTIAL SELF SELECTION: IMPACT ON TRAVEL BEHAVIOR Introduction: Self-selection in this context refers to “the tendency of people to choose locations based on their travel abilities, needs and preferences” (Litman, 2005 p. 6). Sources for Residential selection are: attitudes and social demographic traits. With residential to the latter, an example of self-selection is that low-income and zero-vehicle households may choose to live in neighborhoods with ample transit

Models (GLM) to data from simple random and complex survey designs. This program supports a range of sampling distributions including Gaussian, inverse Gaussian, multinomial, binomial, negative binomial, Bernoulli, Poisson, and gamma. The last program, MAPGLIM can be used to fit GLM models to the multilevel data. Each of these programs can function as stand-alone program. To estimate a model with missing data, LISREL by default uses the full information maximum likelihood (FIML) approach. However

Both physicists and chemists have investigated the CO2 anion extensively over the past few decades because of its importance in atmospheric chemistry, gas lasers, and a multitude of different industrial applications. It has been observed in a variety of experimental processes such as electron collisions and high-energy applications. As is well-known, electrons cannot permanently attach to the CO2 molecule; as such, all CO¬2 anion states are inherently metastable and have finite lifetimes. Despite

It is widely known that the rogue wave (freak wave, killer wave, and Peregrine solitons) is a kind of wave with a singular, rare, and high amplitude, which causes a dramatic impact on living life. Generally speaking, the rogue waves usually have deep holes and high crest, and the deep holes occur before and after the large crest. It has been pointed out that the freak waves have been a part of marine folklore for centuries by Lawton. (-- removed HTML --) (-- removed HTML --) 1 (-- removed HTML --)

The determintaion for seeking my future in Structural Engineering comes from my interest in Structures after I joined undergraduate studies in Civil Engineering at Kathmandu University. I’d found my interest growing already in Civil Engineering when I was in high school. I was following works of my brother while he was studying Civil engineering. I could understand and draw Plan and sections before I was got enrolled in undergraduate studies. During my undergraduate studies, I particularly enjoyed