Bleaching of wood pulp

discoloration with the exposure to the light.The mechanical pulps are more weaker than the chemical pulps, however it ia more cheaper to produce (about 50% of the costs of chemical pulp). Moreover, they gives the yield with the ranging of 85–95%24. Many methods used in mechanical pulping, the earliest method is groundwood process. This method is pressed length wise against a rough, revolving grinding stone. Another process, refiner mechanical pulp (RMP) utilizes chips are shredded into fibers between

effectiveness of a non-wood plant as an alternative main material for paper production. While the first use of paper started as early as trace back to the beginning of the first millennium, paper still plays a significant role in modern everyday lives (American Forest and Paper Association, 2013). By far, paper industry is the largest consumer of natural fibers (El Omari, Zyane, Belfkira, Taourirte, & Brouillette, 2016). However, shortage of the original raw material, which is woods, has been increasing

tools and techniques, the very same time issue of sustainability and Environment is a growing concern. The early 1990 saw a worldwide economic slowdown, from 1980 is to 1990s price reduction and falling profits were the problems faced by paper and pulp industry. Therefore, in order to counter the problems that were being faced; Management of USA and Scandinavia European countries with slightly difference of Methods and Technology and Research and Development, found and implemented various methods

In brewing industry, 80% of overall final energy consumption is used in the form of thermal energy where solar thermal can be used for brewing processes as below: steam generation, malting process, stopping germination of grains, air cooling, conservation with hot air, power supplying of washing machines, wither and kiln processes. Malting plants and breweries consume heat for their thermally driven processes at temperature level ranges between 25°C to 120°C. It seems feasible to supply heat at this

In recent years, the biotechnological use of xylans and xylanases has grown remarkably (Aristidou and Pentillä 2000; Subramaniyan and Prema 2002; Beg et al., 2001; Techapun et al., 2003). The end-products of xylan degradation of considerable importance in commercial applications are furfural and xylitol (Parajó et al., 1998). Xylan can be converted to β-D-xylopyranosyl and its oligosaccharides via two types of hydrolysis: acid or enzymatic. Acid hydrolysis is often preferred because it is faster

Total Environmental Assessment for Pulp and Paper Industry in the Philippines Emil Adrian V. Fernandez M.S. Industrial Engineering Student Industrial Engineering Department, De La Salle University – Manila fernandeze@dlsu.edu.ph ABSTRACT Among current environmental issues, pollution is of major importance in terms of the impact on people’s health and their living and working conditions regardless of the origin or source of pollutants. The indiscriminate discharge of untreated wastewater, improper

Lillian Richard Hemp to Save Our Trees Worldwide we are seeing a devastation of our forests due to paper production. Consumption of wood products has risen 64% since 1961. Globally, pulp for paper, has risen from 40% in 1998, to an expected 60% over the next 50 years. The industry expects that demand to double by 2050. The U.S. consumes 200,000,000 tons of wood products annually, increasing by 4% every year. U.S. paper producers consume 1 billion trees each year (735 pounds of paper for every American)

Enzymes in Industry Enzymes are described as chemical a catalyst that is they speed up the rate of reaction. Enzymes have enormous potential in the commercial world. They are cheap to use in industry and they do not need high temperatures to work. They work at neutral PH and normal atmospheric pressure. This reduces the costs of fuel in industry and are energy saving. Also, enzymes can be reused. This means that they are needed in relatively small amounts in comparison

Despite several advantages ,PLA has some drawbacks as well, which limits its use in certain applications3. PLA has poor toughness (very brittle material with less than 10% elongation at break), slow degradation rate (low crystallinity), hydrophobicity (hydrophobic with a static contact angle of approximately 80°), lack of reactive side chain groups and poor barrier properties (to moisture and air)3. Moreover, the poor melt strength restricts the applicability of specific processing techniques such

Legalization of marijuana on a federal level may benefit society more than cause it harm. When people hear the word marijuana, cannabis, hemp, etc. they tend to compare it to dangerous hardcore drugs. In all reality, unlike these other hardcore drugs, marijuana has many advantages that could possibly outweigh its negatives. For example, federally legalizing marijuana could stimulate growth within an economy by allowing the government the opportunity to reduce expenses on prohibition, create jobs