Blood vessel

cessation for periods of ten seconds or more (apnea) or significant reductions in breathing amplitude (hypopnea) caused by a collapsed or obstructed airway; these two conditions can lead to hypoxemia (low levels of oxygen in blood) and hypercapnia (high levels of carbon dioxide in blood). Patients are categorized as having mild, moderate or severe OSA depending on the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI), which is defined as the total numbers of apnea/hypopnea episodes per hour of sleep. In normal individuals the

Introduction Cardiovascular disease is a class of disease that involve the heart or blood. The most common cardiovascular diseases are Myocardial infarction, Congestive Heart failure and peripheral artery disease. These cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of the death in the United States and are responsible for 17% of national health care expenditures. Every year about 610,000 people die of heart disease in the United States. Most of the cardiovascular diseases are preventable. The main

doctor doesn’t do a biopsy during the test, most people won’t experience any side effects. If the doctor performs a biopsy, there may be some side effects like: Rectal bleeding Soreness and pain Difficulty urinating or pain with urination Blood in the urine Blood in the semen An infection These side effects should subside within a few weeks following the procedure. If you experience lingering problems, be sure to talk with your

Misophonia Was Its NameIt felt like my ears were being clawed at by sharp nails, and as if it could not get any worse, it seemed as if the wounds that remained had poisons rubbed into them to even further set me into a state of agony. Everyday I was alive I couldn't help but bawl and beg for some sort of mercy, to make the pain stop, but because no one understood why I was in such pain, they did not know how to stop hurting me. The strangest thing of all though, was that even I did not know why I

Dr. Stephen L. Noble is a Lieutenant Commander in the United States Navy, a staff cardiothoracic surgeon at Naval Medical Center of Portsmouth (NMCP) in Portsmouth, VA and an adjunct instructor of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS) in Bethesda, MD. His clinical interests are broad, including minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery, health outcomes disparities, heart disease, cancer screening and prevention, and the integration of science and technology in medicine

homozygous being more rigorously affected than heterozygous. Heterozygotes have a plasma LDL concentration that is double that of normal individuals, thus increasing the risk of coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis is the accumulation of white blood cells in the artery walls, thickening it over time. Individuals with two defective copies develop this disease at an early age which usually leads to death. It is always thought that FH is caused by the mutations of the LDL receptor proteins. There

The neoplasm is assumed to have a nonaggressive nature; however, data regarding the course in HIV immunocompromised persons is scant. A case of orolabial bowenoid papulosis caused by HPV-32is noted.[63] Histopathology: reveals features of an intraepithelial carcinoma. Secondary amyloid deposition has been reported histologically in one case of BP.[64] Differential diagnosis Lichen planus, common warts, seborrhoeic warts, naevi and condylomata lata. A biopsy is indicated in instances

Compartment Syndrome is a condition where there is an increase of pressure within a confined area that is detrimental to the circulation and function of the tissues in the area (Grossman et al., 2014). Fascia, a dense connective tissue, surrounds and separates the muscles and nerves into compartments in the extremities. These fasciae provide sites of attachment for muscles, maintain the positioning of muscle groups during motion and during contraction improve the mechanical advantage of the muscle

arteries that supply the heart muscle, there is a decrease in blood flow, oxygen and nutrients to the heart. This decreased blood flow can cause angina pectoris or chest pain, shortness of breath, or a heart attack. CAD weakens the heart muscle and leads to heart failure, in which the heart cannot pump enough blood the way it should to satisfy the body’s demands, or cardiac arrhythmias, in which the heartbeat is irregular.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease of the arterial wall that is characterized by the thickening of the arterial inner lining. These thickenings are often called atherosclerotic lesions or atheromas. Caused by the accumulation of cholesterol-rich lipids, lipid oxidation and inflammatory response, these atherosclerotic lesions are said to originate from fatty streaks in childhood. These fatty streaks result from an excess of lipid concentrations in the intima. Immune processes are involved in the