Bolus

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Comparison of Three Alternative Bolus Materials to Superflab in Providing Max Dose Build Up Radiation therapy is a type of treatment modality that administers radiation to patients with cancer. This form of treatment has many components that contribute toward ensuring that radiation therapists adequately treat the malignant tissue within the body. One of the major components in radiation therapy is the use of bolus. Bolus is a material that doctors place on the skin to help bring the radiation dose

usually use bolus materials as a second skin to bring the maximum dose closer to the patient’s skin surface. There’re many different types of bolus materials such as Superflab, Play-doh and uncooked rice. However, they all have different advantages and dis-advantages that somehow affect the maximum dose buildup to patients. To help the therapists knowing the best bolus material using with radiation treatment in the future, researcher performs this study to compare the three alternative bolus materials

Student Discussion Assignment Trace and discuss the complete movement of a bolus of food entering and exiting the human via the digestive system. The process of digestion first begins in the mouth by in taking food (bolus). The teeth help with masticating (chewing and breaking food particles down) allowing for swallowing and increasing surface area for chemical digestion. Enzymes found in saliva also facilitates with the chemical break down of food primarily starches and fats. The food swallowed

of the major components in radiation therapy is the use of bolus. Bolus is a material placed on the skin to help bring the radiation dose higher to the skin surface within the patient (Khan 2012). Since there are no research studies in the radiation oncology field which compare alternative bolus materials in providing maximum dose build-up, the purpose of this study is to close this informational gap by comparing the following types of bolus: Superflab, neon-green Play-Doh, orange Play-Doh, and uncooked

a comparison of three alternative bolus materials to Superflab in providing the maximum dose buildup (Dmax). Superflab is a synthetic oil gel based on vinyl plastic composed of disodecyl phthalate. The maximum dose buildup (Dmax) is when 100% of the dose is deposited beneath a patient’s skin. Alternative bolus materials are tissue equivalent materials placed on a patient’s skin surface to increase or even out the surface dose. The composition of alternative bolus materials can include anything from

(MV) photons treat many superficial tumors. More importantly, they often require a bolus to bring the depth of maximum dose closer to the skin surface. Also, a bolus compensates for uneven skin surfaces or irregular contours on the patient’s surface. The depth of maximum equilibrium describes the depth in which the maximum dose of the formulated radiation deposited into the skin (Washington & Leaver, 2010). Bolus material should be flexible, pliable, and tissue-equivalent. There is no study that

peristalsis begins in the esophagus when a bolus of food is swallowed. Peristalsis is a series of wave-like muscle contractions that moves food to different processing stations in the digestive tract. The process of peristalsis begins in the esophagus when a bolus of food is swallowed.Peristalsis is a series of wave-like muscle contractions that moves food to different processing stations in the digestive tract. The process of peristalsis begins in the esophagus when a bolus of food is swallowed.Peristalsis

Results The solid water was the control variable in the experiment and the investigators compared values that resulted from irradiation of the solid water with each bolus’ average Dmax. Table 1 recorded the ratios that resulted from these values. ANOVA calculations from the values shown in Table 1 resulted in an F value of 762.65 and a P value of less than 0.0001. The investigator compared the results between each individual group with a Tukey HSD test. When compared to one another, each sample resulted

the process of mastication; food enters the mouth and the teeth begin to crush and grind the food into smaller pieces to form a bolus. Saliva is secreted from nearby salivary glands, which not only moistens food for easier swallowing, but also begins chemical digestion. Swallowing (deglutition) occurs next; at the beginning of a swallow the tongue voluntarily pushes the bolus upwards against the palate and backwards towards the pharynx. Involuntary reflexes are then initiated in order to prevent food