Borrelia burgdorferi

pacificus are the two species of blacklegged ticks that act as vectors of transmission of the spirochete bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi to small mammals or human host, which cause Lyme disease in humans, also known as Lyme borreliosis (cdc.gov 2016; Qiu et al. 2002). After the pathogen’s initial entry through the skin, it proliferates in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid; Borrelia burgdorferi has also been seen in much smaller quantities in the following locations: ‘myocardium, retina, muscle, bone,

Lyme disease is caused by the bacteria Borrelia burgdorfer, this bacterium is transmitted to humans through ticks. Borrelia burgdorferi is a gram negative bacterium that belongs to the spirochetes class, its usually 1um wide but can be up to 10-25um long. Some of the structures that Borrelia burgdorferi have are the flagellum, which allows the bacterium to migrate through viscous fluids (i.e. blood) and burrow through tissues, the bacterium also has outer surface proteins that are OspA and OspC which

spirochetal bacterium was discovered in a nymphal tick, Ixodes scapularis and named Borrelia burgdorferi. This species has now been divided into multiple species, three of which cause human infection. Agents belonging to the eubacterial phylum of spirochetes, which are bacteria shaped like corkscrews and are actively motile, cause Lyme borrelioses, also called Lyme disease. As discovered from its sequenced genome, B. burgdorferi depends entirely on its host for nutrients. Another unique characteristic of

Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme disease uses a verity of the outer surface proteins to establish the infection. There are two different mechanisms in which Borrelia uses to enter a host. One of them is when Borrelia feeds on blood, it regulates OspC, which inhibits antibody-mediated killing and CD4 T cell activation. Upon Borrelia reaches dermis it expresses adhesins, which are binding proteins to facilitate Borrelia dissemination. Another way is to penetrate the matrix and the

Transmission The first case of maternal-fetal transmission of the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi (B. burgdorferi), was observed in 1983, following the postpartum death of an infant born to a Wisconsin woman (Schlesinger, Duray, Burke, Steere, & Stillman, 1985). The 28-year-old mother developed Lyme disease during the first trimester of pregnancy but did not report symptoms, as all resolved quickly in the absence of treatment (Schlesinger et al., 1985). The pregnancy resulted in the

Borrelia burgdorferi was first diagnosed as Lyme disease in 1982 when the bacteria were isolated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The spirochete has been in the United States and Europe for many years but had gone un-diagnosed because of the limited medical knowledge. It is named after the leading American bacteriologist, Willy Burgdorfer, after his extensive research between the arachnid vectors and the human host was acknowledged. He studied many different diseases caused by animals

information table - ASHLEY THAPA Name of infectious disease Lyme disease First discovered or described (name of person and date) First discovered or described (name of person and date) Lyme disease is an infection caused by a bacteria known as Borrelia. In the early 1970s, a group of children and adults were suffering from some puzzling health issues. Though they were unsure of the cause. Finally, in mid-1970, researchers found out it was the Lyme disease but still was unsure of what caused it

the disease was first discovered. I would then draw out a group of people who appear to be in pain, with swollen joints and large rashes. These people would be examined by a doctor named Willy Burgdorfer, who discovers a specific bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi, that is causing their suffering (bayarealyme.org). To conclude the background discussion, I would show the students maps that indicate the prevalence of Lyme disease, and how they have changed from the 1980s to the present to reflect an increase

Borrelia burgdorferi Inner Membrane Protein BB0173 Christina Small1, Manuel Bano2, Ismael Mingarro2 and Maria Esteve-Gassent1 1Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station TX. 2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.   ABSTRACT The bacterial spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of the most commonly reported

called Borrelia burgdorferi. A group of children in Old Lyme, Connecticut, had mysterious arthritis-like symptoms and led to being identified in 1975. Because Lyme Disease symptoms copies many other diseases,Lyme Disease is also known as “The Great Imitator,”. It is important to this course because it affects any organ of the body, including the brain and nervous system, muscles and joints, and the heart. Lyme disease is a tick-borne illness caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi. Borrelia