Butyl

Nucleophilic Substitution | Synthesis of n-Butyl Bromide and t-Pentyl Chloride | | Jessica | [Pick the date] | Abstract The synthesis of the alkyl halide n-Butyl Bromide from alcohol is the foundation for the experiment. During the isolation of the n-butyl bromide, the crude product is washed with sulfuric acid, water, and sodium bicarbonate to remove any remaining acid or n-butyl alcohol. The primary alkyl halide halide n-butyl bromide is prepared by allowing n-butyl alcohol to react with sodium bromide

After synthesizing tert-butyl chloride, the melting point on the compound was found to be 47˚C. According to literature, tert¬-butyl chloride has a melting point of 51˚C, apart from a little bit of deviation, this shows that the correct compound was created. The percent yield obtained for the synthesis of tert-butyl chloride was 47.42%. This could have been due to errors that occurred in the lab. When moving the solution from one test tube or graduated cylinder to another some of the solution may

Yield Theoretically, when synthesising butyl ethanoate from butanol and ethanoic acid, the reaction should produce a 100% yield with the reaction running to completion and all of the reactants being converted to products. His however is not the case with this equilibrium reaction. As seen in the calculations, the actual yield of ester obtained from this procedure was 56.83%, a 43.17% difference from the desired product yield. This poor yield is partially the by-product of reaching equilibrium. Once

has become a prime alternative and is extensively studied particularly in the chemical and petrochemical industries due to the process versatility. One of the classic example of its application is the separation of methanol (MeOH) from methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in the production of octane enhancers for fuel blend, which has already been commercialized using cellulose acetate by Air Products [1, 2]. Since then, efforts have been devoted to producing the optimal membrane material for pervaporation

In this specific esterification process Butyl Pentanoate will be synthesized by reacting Butan-1-ol with Pentanoic Acid, shown in the equation below C_4 H_10 O (aq)+ C_2 H_5 COOH (aq) C_7 H_14 O_(2 ) (aq)+ H_2 O (l) Butan-1-ol +Pentanoic Acid→Butyl Pentanoate+Water. Butyl Pentanoate is meant to have a sweet fruity smell of apples, however if not wafted properly it is dangerous. Throughout the processes of refluxing isolating and distilling, there are many hazards and precautions that must be taken

performance over the past nine months. There are several reasons causing the sales performance figures currently stemming from NASA to be incomparable with the EROW numbers, including the current practice of transferring large quantities of regular butyl rubber from the Sarnia to the Antwerp production facilities. As Polysar operates globally, it

Introduction Learning Outcome This experiment was aimed to determine the order of the hydrolysis reaction and to determine the effect of water:acetone ratio on the rate constant. Theory The hydrolysis of t-butyl chloride can be presented as the following equation: (CH3)3CCl + H2O (CH3)3COH + HCl NaOH is added to neutralise the HCl produced. NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O (CH3)3CCl is a tertiary haloalkane in which the C atom is bonded to 3 methyl groups and a Cl group. A partial positive

The aim of this experiment was to perform a reaction via a Sn1 reaction to prepare tert-Butyl chloride and test the effectiveness of the reaction by examining the reactivity of the product. To prepare tert-Butylchloride from tert-Butylalcohol, one must cause a Sn1 reaction to occur. An Sn1 reaction is a monomolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction, meaning that one molecule is involved in each step of the Sn1 reaction. First, the leaving group leaves. After the leaving group leaves, the nucleophile

1-butanol and ethanoic acid, and the product, 1-butyl-ethanoate exist in the same mixture due to the reflux setup, the reaction can never go to completion. Moreover, when isolating and purifying the ester, 1-butyl-ethanoate, some of the product will be lost. This will also occur when separating the ester in distillation, hence, it is not possible to obtain 100% of the product. So, if a theoretical yield were to be calculated, it would not be very accurate. The resulting value of the theoretical yield

The objective surrounding the experiment outlined by this report is to perform an SN1 reaction to synthesize tert-butyl chloride while recording the reactivity of the compound with sodium iodide and silver nitrate reagents. Nucleophilic substitution reactions, denoted SN1 or SN2, are characterized by a nucleophile (electron pair donor) reacting with an electrophile (electron pair acceptor) to break a bond at a carbon to form a new bond with that carbon.1 In order for the reaction to take place,