Calcite

time period but is most common among the lower level elite class and the slavery class. This is not often seen carried out in the creation of royal sculptures as they upgraded to harder to obtain and harder to carve stone; such as greywacke, gneiss, calcite, and diorite. There are some cases in which harder stones were used for non-royal sculpture, but it was rare. During the Old Kingdom period is when you start to see variation in the type of stone used. Sculptors

The world we live in today has become a nest for pollution, toxic waste and environmental deterioration. In order to improve our planet, acid rain is a main factor to be considered and must be controlled before the damage worsens. In order to understand what acid rain is, we must first understand the term “acidity”. Acidic is a way to describe chemical compounds and it is measured on the pH scale, a logarithmic measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in precipitation (1). This scale

Ceramics have been used for thousands of years and have been used in a multitude of different application. In the past 70 years ceramics have started to be used in the medical field1. Ceramics can be categorized by its bio-safety and bioactivity. Bio-safe materials are non-toxic and non-inflammatory as to avoid rejection from the body. Where the bioactivity is how it reacts to biological material and processes. Typically ceramics have been used in surgical replacements such as bones and teeth

Seated Statue of Gudea is dated ca. 2090 B.C. during the Neo-Sumerian period. The Statue of Memi and Sabu was sculpted from painted limestone. Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed primarily of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in the form of the mineral calcite. It is usually an organic sedimentary rock that forms from the accumulation of shell, coral, algal, and fecal debris. The Statue of Gudea was sculpted from Diorite. Diorite is the name used for a group of coarse-grained

The rising carbon dioxide (CO2) from the burning of fossil fuels and other human activities continues to affect our atmosphere, resulting in global warming and climate change. This carbon dioxide is also altering the chemistry of the oceans, causing them to become more acidic. From scientists and marine resource managers, to policy and decision-makers, there is growing concern that the process called ocean acidification could have drastic consequences on marine ecosystems. Such as altering species

Calcification Calcification is the process of combining calcium and carbonate to form the mineral calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Many marine calcifiers, including corals, create skeletons made of CaCO3, gain a variety of benefits, including: structural support and protection, increased surface area, maintain proximity to surface waters and high light levels and can keep up with small increments in sea level rise (Andersson et al. 2013). It is estimated that approximately 25% of all CaCO3 that accumulates

Lucas never was the favorite in the family. He wasn't open, especially around Viv. Don’t get me wrong, we all loved him, but besides my mom, I was the only family member he ever had a close relationship with. The only one he could be himself around.He always put a smile on my face. Even when he had to resort to my greatest weakness. “You should just give up. Mr.Watt conditions me harder than all the other kids because he doesn't like me,” I pouted. “He does it because he cares about you and believes

a now-lost reed pen. (Stokstad)” The medium the unknown artist chose to use is limestone, and it is painted to resemble natural north African features such as skin tone and hair color, and sits twenty-one inches tall. It also consists of crystal, calcite, copper, and magnesite. His face is aware and alive. Today, the piece itself is almost in perfect condition, although a lot of the paint has faded, of course. It is estimated that this statue is from the Fifth Dynasty, which is dated back to

of ancient Egyptian life that it is incredibly easy to see that the concepts of magic and spirituality were so strongly valued during this time. The museum’s Set of Canopic Jars, which were cited to have been built during the New Kingdom out of calcite and pigment, are said to have been created solely to hold the internal organs of the deceased within them so that they would remain preserved for eternity. Quite honestly, these jars don’t look too different from modernized urns, though modernized

By definition, “Marble is limestone containing the mineral calcite that has recrystallized under heat and pressure” (Gani, 2014, p.1). The Romans were the first to construct a building entirely from marble. Later, marble became a widespread stone throughout the empire used for temples, statues, and other large impressive