Capacity factor

• Viento Funding II, Inc. (“Viento” or the “Borrower”) owns controlling interest in a portfolio of three operating wind power generating plants (the “Projects”) located in Nebraska, New Mexico, and Texas. The Projects have an aggregate net capacity of 361 MW and achieved COD between December 2005 and April 2009. The Projects are fully contracted under three Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs). Each of the PPAs has a 20-year term with the earliest expiring in December 2025. The energy off-takers are

The potential for a supply shortage is further exacerbated by the high proportion of electricity supplied by hydro power in New Zealand. Historic low storage capacity of many hydro plants attributed to both lack of foresight and environmental impact entails that the plants sometimes offer at low cost as they need to continuously cycle the water. A wet year will result in low costs, and a system flush with hydro power that might contribute to thermal generation running at margins and susceptible to

Energy Markets & Risk: Capacity Assignment Introduction Wind is an intermittent energy source; as the wind is not constant, wind turbines do not produce the same amount of electricity all the time. This causes difficulties as the penetration of wind power increases, and wind generation become relied upon by the network operator. This report looks at the impact of wind power on the capacity of a power system to meet demand. Conventional generation, including coal, gas & nuclear, provides the base

industry in South Africa is in a very rapid growth phase. The country’s chronic energy shortages mean that the renewable energy procurement program is likely to be expanded. South Africa is moving towards a large wind industry with a domestic installed capacity in excess of 5,000 MW within eight years. South Africa is evolving into the hub for manufacturing and development that the industry has been looking forward to for many years. After taking a decade for the first 10 MW of wind power to be installed

the grid. 1.1 What is distributed generation (DG)? Contrary to the traditional philosophy of power system design, which comprises of a large utility generator situated far away from the loads, the concept of DG requires the installation of smaller capacity generators close to the load. • IEEE defines the generation of electricity as facilities sufficiently smaller than central plants, usually 10 MW or less, so as to allow interconnection at nearly any point in the power system, as Distributed Resources

The power of electricity is available to anyone with a simple click of a button. The methods of obtaining the energy used to develop that electricity are commonly debated topics. One of those methods is using geothermal energy, or the Earth’s naturally produced heat. There are plenty of intriguing facts centered upon geothermal energy. For thousands of years, geothermal energy has been used in some countries for heating and cooking (“Geothermal Energy Info” 2). These underground systems being used

thermal tanks contain molten salts or paraffin wax which can absorb tremendous amount of heat energy without changing state. The heat can then be used as a heat source in steam engines to drive electric generators. Such thermal tanks usually have capacities of up to 1.44 Tera joules per 68m3. Grid tie allows excess energy to be sent to the transmission grid; the rest of the electricity can then be stored or used directly with solar inverters for AC

the project has performed well since the Commercial Operating Date (“COD”). The average annual energy output through 2015 was about 310.8 GWhs with the plant availability factor of 98.7% and the capacity utilization of about 43.8%. The P50 exceedance level output under the new wind study is about 298 GWhs and a capacity factor of about 42.5%. The analyst notes that the historical operating performance was moderately stronger than the forecast and reflects a robust wind regime, equipment quality,

The generation of electricity mainly depends on the quantity of precipitation that falls in a specific area. In 2011, a tidal plant with 254MW began its operation and it has doubled the capacity through out the world to 527MW. Wind Energy Wind power drives the air in the atmosphere through the turbines and generates electricity. Windmills have been using from the past hundred years and even more, but the modern turbines have their own significance

about 16% below the SFS EF AM forecast of 7.8 m/s. The availability factor of 93.3% in 2015 was slightly weaker than the SFS EF AM forecast of 95%, reflecting higher than expected unscheduled outages. The 2015 operating costs were lower than the SFS EF AM forecast. The positive variance was mainly due to lower spending on the balance of plant maintenance, insurance premiums, and the environment. The 2015 average net capacity factor was 27.4%, significantly below the SFS EF AM forecast of 35.7%. The