Chirality

For this experiment, an addition mechanism for the bromination of an alkene was observed along with studying chirality. The bromination of the substituted alkenes was known as an oxidation reaction and it produced different stereoisomers based on the alkene’s geometry. The E-stilbene when exposed to bromine produced dibromostilbene. Three products can potentially form from this reaction which are meso, D, and L stilbene bromide. The goal of this experiment was to identify which stereoisomer predominated

Oddly enough, the motivation that led Louis Pasteur to his discoveries of rabies vaccinations, the contagiousness of anthrax ,diseases, bacteria and viruses, began with his study of why a beet -root alcohol was souring. Pasteur was hired by a manufacturer of alcohol to find out why they were having this problem. Interestingly, the scientists of his day, believed in what they called “spontaneous generation.” This means they believed that maggots spontaneously grew from rotten meat or putrefied

the cobalt ammine chlorides and to clarify several of the earlier unexplainable isomers. In 1914, Werner resolved the first coordination complex, known as hexol, into optical isomers, overthrowing the idea that solely carbon compounds may possess chirality. Introduction Coordination compound is ‘a compound formed from a Lewis acid and a Brønsted base’, a Lewis acid being an electron pair acceptor and a Brønsted base a proton acceptor. Thus the interaction of the Lewis acid metal centre as in Ni(ClO4)2

used as an alternative due to the fact it’s safer and easier to manage. Bromination of an alkene can give different products. The two bromine atoms can be attached to the double bond in two possible ways, either syn or anti. The product has two chirality centres and may obtain four possible stereoisomers: A B C D Experiment 7 introduces the concept of “dehydrohalogenation”. The idea

WHAT_CHECK WHAT_CHECK is a protein verification tool that derived from WHAT-IF program. It includes steric, stereochemical, nomenclature and packaging quality checks. These checks are accessed through WHAT-IF Servers (Build, Check, repair model server). This program WHAT-IF furnish about 2000 options in fields as manifold as homology modeling, drug docking, electrostatic calculations, structure validation and visualisation. It’s a stand alone

Calcium hydroxide, which is a strong base, deprotonates the molecule and makes the product, acamprosate calcium. This synthesized acamprosate has two functional groups, sulfonic acid, and amide. Interestingly, acamprosate molecule does not have any chirality or E/Z stereochemistry. There is no carbon that has four different substituents or no nitrogen with three different substituents and a positive charge. In addition, there is no carbon-carbon double bond existing in this

3.0 Results and discussion Stone-Thrower-Wales (STW) defect also referred as pentagon-heptagon-heptagon-pentagon (5-7-7-5) defect is formed by rotating a C-C bond by π/2, which transforms 4 hexagons into 2 pentagons and 2 heptagons as illustrated in Fig.1. Due to hexagonal and symmetric geometry of graphene system, only two types of STW defects are possible, STW1 and STW2 defects that are explained with the help of Fig.1. One of the main feature of graphene with STW defects is that it retains the

Nucleophilic reactions occur when there is an electron pair donor and an electron pair acceptor (2). There are two types of ways that nucleophilic reactions occur. There is the SN1 reaction and the SN2 reaction. An SN1 is a two-step reaction that occurs when a molecule first forms a carbocation. Once the carbocation is formed, the nucleophile comes in and attaches to the molecule (2). Below is a general reaction scheme of an SN1 reaction: Below is the mechanistic scheme of SN1: In an SN2 reaction

associated with thalidomide administration to pregnant women, the steps taken to mitigate them and the lessons learnt from the problems. TECHNICAL PROBLEM Structurally, Thalidomide exists in an asymmetric chiral configuration when administered. This chirality (the ability of a compound to exist in more than one isomer or chemical structure) may have resulted in thalidomide having many unknown actions within the body, one of which was the severing of blood supply to the limbs and other organs (anti-angiogenesis)

INTRODUCTION In 1952, a drug named K17 was being developed in post-war Switzerland by drug company Ciba. Although intended for animals, it showed no effects on animals. This drug would be later developed by Chemie Grunenthal and be marketed as thalidomide, a mild sedative (alpha-phthalimido-glutarimide). Thalidomide would later go on to be primarily responsible for the deformity (Phocomelia) of tens of thousands of children across the world. The aim of this study is to highlight the medical disaster