Chromosomes

used to determine the sex of metaphase chromosomes and how immunostaining of the synaptomenal complex of meiotic cells can show the stages involved in prophase. Abstract Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) and immunostaining are both processes that allow for specific features within a chromosome to be observed. FISH is when a DNA probe that is fluorescently tagged complementary binds to a specific sequence in the chromosome, in this case, the sex chromosome centromeres. Immunostaining is the process

drawbacks to her such as miscarriages, uterine contractions or tenderness, feeling shivery (like you’re going down with flu), infection and amniotic fluid leakage which can lead to the baby developing hypoplastic lungs (underdeveloped lungs). A chromosome is a threadlike structure within the nucleus that contains genetic information that is passed

others up, this leads into setting the stage for their division of the chromosomes that is present. For the chromosomes to be easily pulled apart later on they start o condense during this early stage. The mitotic spindle then begins to form. This spindle is a structure that is made of microtubules, strong fibers that are considered to be the part of the cell’s skeleton. The purpose of the spindle is to organize the chromosomes and to have the ability in moving them around during mitosis. The growth

1. Name essential structural elements of a functional eukaryotic chromosome and describe their functions. Centromere-attachment to the spindle fibers during cell division Telomere- are the caps at each end of each strand of DNA that protect our chromosomes. Origins of replication-replication is initiated 2. Identify the four different types of chromosomes based on the position of the centromere. Metacentric, Submetacentric, Acrocentric, and telocentric 3. Name the stages of the cell cycle and explain

time, two completely healthy adults loved each other very much and had a little baby. Unfortunately, the baby had an extra copy of Chromosome 21. Your chromosomes hold your genetic information, so having an extra Chromosome 21; it can affect your physical and mental health. That baby had Down Syndrome. Down Syndrome is where the child has an extra copy of Chromosome 21, as explained in the second sentence. This essay will explain all about the symptoms of Down Syndrome, detailed explanation of what

Paper chromosomes and die can be used to simulate crossing over during meiosis in anaphase 1. The die were rolled randomly to determine where a crossover would occur. This procedure was repeated 100 times to collect data about the probability of crossovers. The percentage of times “a” was on the same chromosome as b, c, d, e, f, and g was calculated by dividing each result in the first column of the data table by the total number of times “a” was on the same chromosome as b, c, d, e, f and g. The

There are three categories that can classify genetic diseases. They are single gene disorders, chromosome disorders, and multifactorial disorder or complex disease. Each of these categories are different with and affect people in certain ways. Single gene disorders, also called Mendelian disorders, are caused by a modification that occurs in one specific gene. An autosomal dominant defect occurs when there is an altered gene and a healthy gene that are inherited. An example of this type of defect

organism. Meiosis is a form of cell division that produces gametes in humans these are egg cells and sperms, each with reduced or halved number of chromosomes. The number of chromosomes is restored when two gametes fuse together to form a zygote. A cell with two copies of each chromosome is called diploid cell and a cell with one copy of each chromosome is called a haploid cell. Meioses produces haploid daughter cells that are genetically different from each other and from the parent cell. However

division plus cytokinesis, and produces two identical daughter cells during prophase,metaphase,anaphase,telophase,and cytokinesis. Which a cell duplicates into two genetically alike daughter cells. In mitosis, chromosomes in the cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. Interphase is included in mitosis discussions,but it is not technically part of mitosis but rather ecompasses stages G1,S,and G2 of the cell cycle. The process of mitosis is slow and

Introduction Reproduction has been the ultimate goal of every living organism that has ever originated on the earth. Over the time organisms have evolved to become better acclimated to the environment they live in such that reproduction and survival requirements are met. Even so, not every organism born is viable or produce progeny that survive and not every progeny that survives lives long enough to reproduce again. Only those who are strong and successful in reproducing are selected to survive