Clitoris

Female Genital Mutilation Thesis Statement: The continued "underground" practice of FGM (Female Genital Mutilation) must be stopped in order to protect women throughout the world from a useless, unnecessary procedure that has been supported by male dominating societies as a means of control, at the expense, and lives, of women. I. Millions of girls and women have been mutilated by the practice of FGM a. Model, Waris Dirie, shares her story of FGM and the consequences it has brought to her

creates inequality between sexes and to the extreme it is discriminatory against women. There are four types of FMG. Type 1 is referred to as clitoridectomy – which is the partial or total removal of the clitoris. Type 2 is referred to as excision – which is the partial or total removal of the clitoris and the labia minora, with or without excision of the labia majora. Type 3 is referred to as infibulation – which is the narrowing of the vaginal opening through the creation of a covering seal. Type 4

Females as a general population have been faced with discrimination across the ages. In recent history, women have begun to assert their freedom and independence from the male oriented traditions that have spanned generations. In industrialized countries the discrimination of women has diminished, but a serious form of violation of human rights occurs sometimes in parts of the world, such as Africa, the Middle East, and even sometimes the United States and other industrialized countries in North

INTRODUCTION Female genital cutting (also known as female genital mutilation) is one of the most prevalent violations of the human rights of women in the world. As of 2010, 100 to 140 million female-bodied people were living with mutilated genitalia. According to the United Nations, “Female genital mutilation (FGM) comprises all procedures that involve altering or injuring the female genitalia for non-medical reasons.” Female genital cutting is a practice that is generally directed at female-bodied

usually only after fertilization by a male cell. Vaginal is a muscular tube leading from the external genitals to the cervix of the uterus in women and most female mammals. Labia is the inner and outer folds of the vulva, at either side of the vagina. Clitoris is a small sensitive and erectile part of the female genitals at the anterior end of the vulva. Urethra is a duct by

or all of the external female genitalia (WHO, 2017). It has been determined that there are four major ways in which the female genitalia can be cut. The first one is considered Type I or clitoridectomy, which is the partial or total removal of the clitoris. Type II is excision, which includes a partial or total clitoridectomy along with the labia majora. Type III is referred to as infibulation,

genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs whether for cultural or any other non-therapeutic reasons.” There are four classifications of female genital mutilation: type I consists of the removal of the prepuce; type II is the removal of the clitoris and labia minora; type III is the removal of the external genitalia and the restricting the vaginal opening; and type IV encompasses all the other procedures to the female genitalia, such as pricking, stretching, scraping, piercing, or cutting.

Type one is referred to as clitoridectomy and involves the removal of the clitoris. Type two, otherwise called excision deals with the removal of the clitoris and the labia minora. According to Human Rights Watch (2016), these two types of FGM account for more than 85% of all procedures. Type three, infibulation, is the narrowing of the vaginal opening. The last type

involve partial or total removal of external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital or organs for non-medical reasons” World Health Organisation (2016) and encompasses four different forms: Clitoridectomy (removal of clitoris), excision (removal of clitoris and labia minora and with/without the labia majora), infibulation (narrowing of the vaginal opening) and other non-medical harmful procedures i.e. piercing (NHS 2016). Girls and women can be vulnerable to FGM due to their age as FGM

Today alone 6000 girls around the world are being held down screaming, crying, and blacking out from the pain pleading for their elders to stop. Their voices fall on deaf ears as their right to sexual pleasure is sliced, chopped, pricked, scraped and burnt away. Female genital mutilation also known as female circumcision is the focus of my speech today. By the time I finish speaking, you will agree that this has got to stop! Today I will explain what FGM is; what are the effects of the procedure