Coal tar

complete process of coal tar production is shown in Figure 1. The coal tar is produced by carbonization of coal. In this process, the coal is heated at 900-1100 ºC and the evolved vapors are condensed to form liquid, from which ammonia is removed to obtain a black viscous crude coal tar. The composition of tar so obtained depends upon the origin and composition of starting material used viz. bituminous (soft) coal, anthracite (hard) (Arnold 1997, Thami 2002). Crude coal tar can be further purified

In June 2016, Ann Arbor became the largest municipality to ban coal tar sealants, joining numerous cities and counties across the nation as well as the states of Minnesota and Washington in prohibiting sealants containing coal tar. However, the city council’s unanimous vote as banned any sealant containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, also known as PAHs, greater than 0.1 percent. By including high-PAH sealants, the city council closed a loophole in ordinances enacted by other municipalities

The main ingredient of coal-tar dyes causes an allergic reaction in some people, but, nowadays, the hair dyes are made out of petroleum sources. The FDA however still considers the petroleum dyes as coal-tar dyes because the same ingredients of the new dyes were found in older dyes. “There have been some studies that have linked hair dyes with a higher risk of some cancers,” WebMD wrote in one of their articles. In other studies, they did not find these connections but, you have to keep in mind that

first time, in 1894, Fishel had reported uses of coal tar in skin disorders (Everett 1961). In 1925, Goeckerman had combined UV exposure with coal tar therapy to treat psoriasis. This regimen came to be known as ‘Goeckerman regimen’. In 1953, anthralin was added to this regimen to increase efficacy ( Muller 1984, Thami 2002). Classification Depending upon the source, tar can be categorized as wood tar, shale tar, coal tar and petroleum tar. Wood tar (pix liquida) is obtained from the destructive distillation

A. The writer’s style is his personal choice dependent on the setting, plot and characters means these three aspects of the story will be taken by the author and decided how it will best tell his story. The writer must use his skill with words to develop his style for the story, since the reader is completely at the mercy of the writer waiting for his words to write so he can feel, hear, see, smell and contemplate what is going to happen next. The writer must tell the reader what the world looks

Area, The Randle Reef, located in the Hamilton Harbour. Randle Reef, is considered the direst of identified water pollution issues within Canada, but has recently begun remediation of the site. The Randle Reef contains a massive amount of toxic coal tar, which has been building up for decades, but is scheduled to be contained shortly. In the early 1800’s, then known as Burlington Bay, Hamilton Harbour was an important access point for initial water transportation and industrial expansion of the

reserves will last for more than 200 years. The burning of coal results in signicant atmospheric pollution. The sulfur contained in coal forms sulfur dioxide when burned. Harmful nitrogen oxides, heavy metals, and carbon dioxide are also released into the air during coal burning. The harmful emissions can be reduced by installing scrubbers and electrostatic precipitators in the smokestacks of power plants. The toxic ash remaining after coal burning is also an environmental concern and is usually disposed

developing countries, mostly for cooking and heating. The wood from trees is most common biomass used for energy. It has been used by humans for producing energy for heating and cooking for a very long time. Biomass cannot replace our current dependence on coal, oil, and natural gas, but it can complement other renewables such as solar and wind energy. To converted biomass into usable energy in ways that are more efficient, less polluting, and at least as economical, technological innovations will be needed

Fossil fuel (such as coal, petroleum and natural gas) and nuclear power are examples. In contrast, resources such as timber (when harvested sustainably) or metals (which can be recycled) are considered renewable resources Fossil fuel [pic] [pic] A temporary oil drilling rig in Western Australia Further information: Oil depletion Natural resources such as coal, petroleum, oil and natural gas take thousands of years to form naturally and

Tar Sands are a mixture of clay sand water and black oil that is found in various places in the world such as Venezuela and under the Canadian Forests. Most of the world’s oil currently comes from tar sands, and oil is used for gasoline. Mining of tar sands is quite tough and hard to do. The sands cannot be pumped in their natural state. It must be mined through open pit mining techniques. After mining the sands are transported to and extraction plant where a hot water process separates the bitumen