Council for Secular Humanism

During the 14th century, Italy was divided into many self-governing city sates. Florence, an independent republic and third largest city in Europe at the time, was the motherland of the Italian Renaissance. This was an enlightening time of “rebirth” that began directly after the Middle Ages (History.com Staff). Florence was the birthplace of the Renaissance due to its location, prosperity, and cultural amalgamation. WHY IS ITS LOCATION SO SPECIAL - why not somewhere else? Italy consisted of communes

Social Life and Customs In The 1400’s By: Torrey Cervantes It was a dark time for people living during the 1400’s also known as the 15th century. Renaissance art was blossoming and people wanting to learn about it and how all of it came to be was very interesting for the people of that time. There was also civil wars and battles happening off and on such as The War of the Roses as well as when Joan of Arc had led the French against English. This was also a time when people were trying to

dawn of modern times Different from the feudal differences of medieval times, Renaissance Europe was shaped by growing national and political centralization, an urban economy based on organized commerce and capitalism, and growing lay control of secular thought and cultureThe Italian City State 2. Growth of City-States When commerce revived in the eleventh century, Italian merchants mastered the organizational skills needed for trade: book-keeping, scouting new markets, securing new markets, and

As humanism increasingly became prominent in the 16th century, it became a stepping stone for many events such as the renaissance, the rise of the nation state, and also gave way to the Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther’s reformation was a revolutionary movement that challenged the Catholic church, sparked religious upheaval throughout Europe, and reshaped religious, social, and political ideologies of society at the time. Luther illustrated the concept of Lutheranism in three documents: Ninety-Five

During the reign of Henry VIII, England had witnessed the most dramatic enforcement of the power of the king. The events leading up to the English Reformation were the catalyst for major changes with the political and religious power of the king that would be carried on throughout English history. The problems that the Medieval English Church faced were some of the major reasons why the reformation took place.Even though there were external factors that influenced the separation of the Church of

Renaissance in Italy * Section Overview * Jacob Burckhardt, a Swiss historian, described the Renaissance as the “prototype of the modern world” in his book Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy (1860) * In Italy blossomed new secular and scientific views * People became to approach the world empirically and draw rational conclusions based on observation * Burckhardt saw the emergence of the modern world emerge from that of the pre-modern, or medieval, period

uneducated “spiritual” leaders. As Italy’s city-states grew through trade and commerce, they flourished economically and intellectually. This led to a peak in the interest of Classical literature, art, social, and political ideas of Greece/Rome. Humanism was a literary movement that occurred during the Renaissance. During this movement, authors began to deal with general questions of the soul. Dante wrote about the soul’s journey to

Reformation was a religious movement triggered by the rise of humanism during the Renaissance and the general corruption of the Roman Catholic Church that eventually led to the break out of wars of religions all over the Europe. Among all the causes of the Protestant Reformation during 16th and 17th century, Renaissance played a very important role of sparking questions and challenges against the Catholic Church. Renaissance humanism was the study of classic Latin and Greek literatures and philosophies

of important status such as kings, queens, and knights most other people were illiterate 4.  Who were allowed to sing in church? Only men were allowed to sing in church 5.  Most of the music that was notated during the middle ages was sacred or secular? sacred 6.  Was most medieval music vocal? yes 7.  What is

church into disrepute and wakened the religious faith of many. C. The conciliar movement 1. Conciliarists believed that church authority rested in councils representing the people--not the authority of the pope. 2. Marsiglio of Padua had claimed in 1324, in Defensor Pacis, that authority within the church should rest with a church council and not the pope and that the church was subordinate to the state. 3. John Wycliffe attacked papal authority and called for even more radical reform