Cytogenetics

Trisomy 21 also called Down syndrome, is an abnormality at a chromosome level and is believed to be the most prevalent genetic impairment (Bukato & Daehler, 2012, p. 89). Compared to other children with related mental development, a child with Down syndrome has academic impairment such as language and memory, their physical development is considered slow, and they possess unique traits. Some of these traits consist of almond shaped eyes, a flattened facial feature, broad hands, and an unusual crease

Down syndrome In 1866, an English doctor named John Langdon Haydon Down described a certain type of mental retardation that suffered from some people. Because it is the first wrote about it, the disorder became known as Down syndrome. However, Dr. Down did not know exactly what cause this syndrome. Almost 100 years later, a French geneticist named Dr. Jerome Lejeune found that the cause of the syndrome, by a problem with the number of chromosomes that the person has. Chromosomes are structures similar

If an archaeologist were to go into my room they would discover a silver ring that sits on top of a bookshelf. The ring is small, about a size six. Halfway through, the band is interrupted by two hands with cuffs holding a heart with a crown on it. The design is very detailed. The cuffs aren’t perfectly square, they’re a little wider on the side distal to the hands. Five ridges about one centimeter apart are on the cuffs. A protruding ring separates the cuffs and hands. The first four fingers hold

Have you ever thought to yourself, what is Down Syndrome? How is it possible to get Down Syndrome? Why do they look the way they do? Well, lots of people can get Down Syndrome. Although most people have heard of Down Syndrome, they don’t truly understand its characteristics, its type its Medical condition, and how Down Syndrome occurs. What is Down Syndrome? Down syndrome is where an individual has a full or partial extra copy of chromosome 21. (NDSS) Also, every cell in the body contains genes

Introduction Trisomy 18, or Edwards Syndrome as it is more commonly known, is a genetic disorder in which there is a problem with cell division called meiotic disjunction. This disease is commonly associated with the well known Downs Syndrome which is also known as Trisomy 21. A disease with an unnatural number of chromosomes are is called a aneuploidy. Edwards Syndrome occurs when a child is born with an extra #18 chromosome. This occurs in about 1 in 2500 pregnancies and 1 in 6000 births. There

A chromosomal disorder is caused by an abundance or reduction of genes on the chromosomes. This type of disorder may also be caused by structural changes within these chromosomes; this is known as an aneuploidy (Porth, 2015). The most common chromosomal disorder is Down syndrome of which there are three types: complete trisomy 21, translocation, and mosaicism (Porth, 2015). Since its first identification in 1866, researchers have become more knowledgeable about the etiology of Down syndrome. When

ERT – PRE-IMPLANTATION GENETIC DIAGNOSIS Cystic Fibrosis: Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis (or PGD as it is more commonly called) is majorly used to test for 2 things; specifically known genetic conditions, and chromosomal abnormality. Ultimately it allows only normal cells, which are cells unaffected by the disorder it is testing for, to be selected and used for the IVF process. PGD is popularly used as it maximizes the chance of having a healthy baby which is a big health concern of potential

INTRODUCTION Turner syndrome is a common chromosomal abnormality, occurring in approximately 1 in 2000 live-born female infants. it results when an X chromosome is missing or partially missing. Turner syndrome can cause medico-developmental problems, including short stature, failure to start puberty, infertility, heart defects, thyroid problems, certain learning disabilities and social adjustment problems. About 10-30% of cases develop hypothyroidism. This is often associated with thyroid enlargement

Down syndrome is a common disorder that affects many people across the globe. In fact, Down syndrome is the most common genetic birth defect. Down syndrome affects over 400,000 individuals in the United States alone. Down syndrome always affects the 21st chromosome in a certain way. The normal amount of chromosomes that a person has is 46 chromosomes, but most commonly, a patient with Down syndrome has 47 chromosomes. Down syndrome is a disorder that affects the 21st chromosome, causing intellectual

Have you ever wonder or questioned the disorder of down syndrome? According to many National Down Syndrome Society within the United States, Down syndrome has occurred one out of eight hundred births. It is the most frequent form of mental retardation and characterized by well-defined events and distinctive features. It’s a lifelong disorder caused by a genetic defeat that’s none curable. It takes people with patients and kind hearts to care for people with Down syndrome disorder. History In the