Diffuse axonal injury

January 2017 Diffuse Axonal Injury Diffuse axonal injury occurs in nearly half of all severe craniocerebral traumas. Lesions in the white matter over a wide area of the brain, often affecting the brainstem, corpus callosum, and cerebral hemispheres are caused by DAI. Studies show that DAI is a result of traumatic acceleration/deceleration, and ninety percent of patients with severe DAI never regain consciousness, while those who do survive often face significant impairs. This injury is extensive

trauma 20% and fall from a height 10%. APOE ϵ4 allele was expressed in 18 patients (20%) and the remaining 72 patients (80%) were negative for this allele. Initial CT brain Findings: Normal CT brain, small hematoma with no mid line shift and diffuse axonal injury were seen in APOE ϵ4 positive and negative patients with no significant difference. However, a large hematoma with midline shift was seen in 50% (n=9) of gene positive patients and 25% (n=18) of gene

study. The results are presented in the above order. The review study written by Barkhoudarian et al explored the pathophysiology of concussive brain injury in young athletes. Sport-related concussions cause diffuse axonal injury (DAI) or white matter shearing injury (Barkhoudarian et al., 2011; Wozniak et al., 2007). They disrupt the axonal membrane leading to a disrupted normal ionic crossing and increased calcium influx. This flow of calcium not only causes mitochondrial-swelling leading to

TBI termed as Traumatic Brain Injury is an intracranial injury that often occurs when an external force is applied on the brain. A 1.4 million people, every year in the United States experience TBI, as reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [2]. Approximately 5.3 million Americans live with long-term disability as a result of TBI [4]. Advancements in the field of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has helped image TBI better. Techniques like Susceptibility Weighted Imaging

TBI termed as Traumatic Brain Injury is an intracranial injury that often occurs when an external force is applied to the brain. TBI survivors encounter changes in cognition, sensorimotor function and personality. Incidents caused by rapid change in acceleration, blast waves, crush or penetration by a projectile. This could result in temporary or permanent impairment of cognitive, physical and psychological functions. In TBI, the primary injury is an external force, that induces mechanical tissue

SECTION A Clinical Questions from Weeks 1-3 Mechanism of injury and neurotrauma 1. Identify, define and categorise three types of time criticality. 1. Actual: Vital signs If, at the time the vital signs survey is taken, the patient is in actual physiological distress, then the patient is considered ‘actual time critical’. Neonate First 28 days Infant 1-12 months Child 1-8 years Older child 9-12 years Adult >14 years Conscious state ALOC ALOC ALOC ALOC ALOC Respiratory rate 60 50 35 25 30 SpO2

and more prone to aggressive play. This can cause tremendous injury to a player if one does not think before he hits another player. Many of the players do not understand how dangerous these acts really can be. The human body is not invincible, although many think they are. The increase of body checking rules has decreased the injuries that usually come from these hits about three to twelve times lower. Fifteen percent of the injuries resulting from a body check are concussions (Mick). Concussions

to comparing the two 6 year periods and testing my hypothesis to see if there was a reduction in concussions during the second 6-year period. Descriptive Statistics The Chart below shows that during 2002-2007, there were 854 Major traumatic brain injuries compared to 887 from 1996-2001. This proved that my hypothesis was correct in saying

issues may not be immediately apparent—and traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a perfect example of that. A condition brought more to light as so many veterans returned from Afghanistan and Iraq, the traumatic brain injury can be tricky at first, with the patient not even realizing they have one—like a concussion on a much larger scale. Often, family members will notice that something is wrong before the patient does. A traumatic brain injury generally occurs due to a blow to the head. This could occur

every time I hear the word concussion. I chose to talk about concussions because lately the subject about concussions has been emphasis a lot more. According to CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention) a concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury causes by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head or by a hot to the body that cause the had to and brain to move rapidly back and forth, stretching and damaging the brain cells and creating chemical changes in the brain. Know I had this questions while