Dipole

The dielectric relaxation properties and dipole ordering of binary mixtures of low molecular weight Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) with water (WAT) and ternary mixtures of PVA+WAT with Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) of different concentration have been measured at 25oC using Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) technique. The measured values of permittivity ('), dielectric loss (") at 10GHz, static dielectric constant (0) and high frequency limiting dielectric constant () have been used to determine the values

When you hear about global warming many things come to mind. The greenhouse effect, pollution, carbon dioxide and of course, the earths temperatures rising. When people hear of the greenhouse effect do they actually know what it is. The suns UV rays hit the earth and 30% of the energy reflected back into space, 47% gets absorbed by gasses and turns into heat energy. The rest is shared between the water cycle, photosynthesis Some of the heat tries to escape back into the atmosphere but is trapped

Christian Ramirez Bionanotechnology 12/18/14 Review of Magnetotactic Bacteria and Magnetosomes Magnetotactic bacteria are a group of prokaryotes of varying morphologies. The morphologies include coccoid, helical, multicellular, rod-shaped, and vibriod1. Magnetotactic bacteria were first discovered by Salvatore Bellini in 1963 2. The commonality of all members of magnetotactic bacteria is that they passively orient and swim along the geomagnetic field by means of a method called magnetotaxis. The

Chemical bonds are also generally more permanent and stronger than intermolecular forces. There are various types of intermolecular forces, all which differ in strength. These forces include: ion-ion forces, dipole-dipole forces, ion-dipole forces, ion-induced dipole, dipole-induced dipole, and London dispersion forces. The amount of charge, how it is distributed, and how long a charge distribution will last, all factor into how strong the intermolecular forces are.

stronger an intermolecular force, the higher the boiling point of the substance will be. This is because more energy is required to break the intermolecular forces. The order of strength of intermolecular forces is; Hydrogen bonding> permanent dipole-dipole interaction> Van der Waal’s force Magnesium Oxide has a very high melting and boiling point of 2852 and 3600 respectively. Magnesium oxide is held toghether with ionic bonds, and therefore require a lot on energy to separate the ions, and due to

as dipole-dipole, London dispersion and hydrogen bonding of various substances change over a wide range. However, intermolecular forces are much weaker than covalent bonds and ionic bonds. It requires less energy to overcome intermolecular attractions of molecules in a liquid to vaporize them as compared to the energy needed to break their covalent bonds. When molecules change from solid to liquid to gas, the molecules themselves do not change while their intermolecular forces change. Dipole-dipole

on-dipole bonds result in the greatest surface tension, followed by hydrogen bonds, dipole-dipole attraction, and London Dispersion Forces.When H₂O and H₂O mixed with NaCl, ethanol, and soap were dropped on a penny with a pipette, the most NaCl was able to stay on the penny, an average of 34.7 drops. The next highest amount that was able to stay on the penny was H₂O, which had an average of 26.3 drops. After that was ethanol which average 25.3 drops, and finally, soap, which averaged 22.7. When these

plasmon resonance effect, were carried out and the predicted shape change was compared to the actual nanoparticles. Herein, key information on the alteration of silver nanoparticles was determined theoretically by a computational method, discrete dipole approximation (DDA). The galvanic reaction and sulfidation reaction were suggested to improve the stability of silver nanoprism (AgNP). In addition, the effect of additionally generated spherical particles, silver nanosphere (AgNS), on the absorbance

repulsive. For unlike charges (+,-), this force is always attractive. Charge-Dipole Forces: An uncharged molecule can still have an electric dipole moment. Electric Dipoles arise from opposite but equal charges separated by a distance. Molecules that possess a dipole moment are called Polar molecules (remember the polar covalent bond?). Water is polar and has a dipole moment of 1.85 Debye. The Debye is a unit of dipole moment and has a value of 3.336 x 10-30 Coulomb meter. When salt is dissolved

other. They may be able to influence the physical properties of the particular substance although some of these attractions can be very weak. Some of the types of intermolecular forces include: Van Der Waal 's forces Permanent dipole - dipole attractions or forces Ion - dipole interactions Hydrogen bonding. DIAGRAM: INTERMOLECULAR BONDING: This phrase refers to the bonds which take place and are held together within a molecule, which in turn is able to influence the chemical properties