DNA ligase

analysis of DNA using standard Molecular Biology Techniques. During the course of the next three practical classes you shall be performing a number of techniques in order to isolate and manipulate DNA from bacteria. The practicals are spread over three sessions, the techniques that you will perform are indicated below: Practical 1 Isolation of plasmid DNA from three cultures of E.coli using a method known as the alkaline lysis method. Practical 2 (Part A) Digestion of the plasmid DNA that you

Genetically modified organisms (GMO) are organisms whose genome has been engineered in the laboratory using various genetic manipulating techniques. These procedures specifically modify the genome of the organism at a molecular level usually by the insertion of genes from different species of organisms that code for traits that are not possible to obtain through customary process like selective breeding. Genetically modified organisms have been a great controversy as they have resolved many difficulties

artificial that engineered to contain ampicillin resistance, gene and the promoter for the enzyme lacZ. The lacZ gene contain restriction enzyme cutting site and polylinker region. The cutting of plasmid of restriction enzyme that are same by foreign DNA can be ligase together at the cutting

that Ecoli bacteria could have its DNA changed through a process called transformation. We inserted a plasmid for pGLO into the DNA of bacteria through a method know as heat shock. The pGLO was inserted in order to alter the phenotipic characteristics of that bacteria, and manipulate it's genetic code, so that it would glow when exposed to an ultra violet light. Introduction All living and once living things have a genetic code; which is made up by DNA. DNA is made up of phosphates, sugars, carbons

removed functioning ADA gene into the viral DNA so that recombinant circular DNA (cDNA) can be created. Viral DNA is obtained from a virus, such as an adenovirus (often used for gene therapy treatments) which has been ‘purified’ so that it does not cause harm (infect host with the virus) to the human body when introduced. The ADA gene is then spliced into the open vector (viral cDNA), using the enzyme ligase which glues the ADA gene into the viral DNA by bonding the sugar phosphate groups together

1.) It can be assured that the heavy chain will create a VDJ junction but not a VJ junction because of the 12/23 rule. A gene segment flanked by an RSS with a 12 base pair spacer typically can only be joined to one flanked by a 23 base pair spacer RSS. So, for the heavy chain, a D segment can be joined to a J gene segment and a V gene segment to D gene segment but the V gene segment can not be directly joined to the J gene segment. Both the V and J gene segments are flanked by a 23 base pair spacer

The purpose of this experiment was to determine the cloning, transformation, DNA purification and protein purification of enzyme homoserine transsuccinylase from Streptococcus pneunomiae (SpHTS). The PCR result showed that there was no band in the DNA gel electrophoresis, which means the experiment was not successful. The transformation process presented that there were no colonies growing in the agar plate. The plasmid DNA had been purified and the concentration measured was 25.2 ng/μL. The restriction

Memon for proof reading my paper. Abstract Genetic engineering is the technique of producing recombinant hybrid DNA by combining two different strands of DNA. The fundamental concept of genetic engineering is gene cloning; the technique of altering the genetic structure of an organism. Gene cloning has four basic processes, namely cutting : the process of isolating the required starnd of DNA, modification : the process of altering the ends of the strand so that they could be attached to another strand

understand the HPV E6 oncoprotein with the help of bioinformatics tools like Rasmol, Blast, ClustalW, Prosite and Palign. Introduction: Human Papillomavirus commonly called as HPV has been known to cause genital infections in males and females. It is a DNA virus from the papillomavirus family and one of the most common virus that are known to cause tumors. There are about more than 120 different viruses but only about 40 of them are transmitted sexually. HPVs usually infect the mucosal membranes and different

structure in animal cells and help regulate what enters and leaves the cell. Another characteristic that cells share are the mitochondria. The mitochondria is the power house of cell. Scientists have found that the mitochondria has its own set of DNA and came up with a theory explaining how this could be, the Endosymbiont Theory. This theory believes that the mitochondria was once a free living organism