DNA repair

The wild-type Drosphia melanogaster wing has four crossveins, the anterior, posterior, humeral and anal. The anterior crossvein is between longitudinal vein 3 and longitudinal vein 4. It is located near the front of the wing. The posterior crossvein is between longitudinal vein 4 and longitudinal vein 5. It located toward the back of the wing. The humeral crossvein is between the costal vein and longitudinal vein 1. It is the closet crossvein to the fly body. The anal crossvein connects longitudinal

research. BRCA1 and BRCA2 are two genes that have been patented by Myriad Genetics. These genes are not rare, they are found in everyone. One of the outstanding characteristics of these genes is their ability to naturally fix DNA. Myriad Genetics isolated the gene from the DNA sequence. The company has created a test that can reveal a possible mutation in those genes, which correlates with a higher breast and

system, eyes, pancreas, and kidney. Latif, et al. were able to match the gene region to chromosome 3p.25-26 by positional cloning and created a map of the region using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in order to isolate the prospective genes. The DNA of 221 VHL patients was then probed using specified plasmids to determine that there were 28 rearrangements present, with three large non-overlapping deletions detected in the hypothesized VHL gene segment. This sequence was conserved across different

was found. With modern medicine, many diseases became curable. However, DNA mutations diseases where it survive and passed through our DNA to many generation can be difficult to cure and tracked. For instance, type two diabetes could be inherited from the family. According to Joslin Diabetes center (2016), if a person has parents with diabetes, it is more likely to develop a type two diabetes than other people. In addition, DNA mutations could develop a cancer. As National Cancer Institute (March 14th

showed almost no delay time during the checkpoint stage to S phase, but cells that were only treated with radiation after the G1 stage showed a longer delay time for budding. This study determined that the cells initially exposed to radiation had the DNA damage checkpoint severely affected by the exposure. The same was done for the G2 phase. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cddsrv.cgi?uid=286837 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC305794/ 4. The mutation, inherited in the autosomal

Alasdair, Wilkins. "Why Inbreeding Isn 't as Bad as You Think." Io9. Io9, 30 Dec. 2011. Web. 05 Feb. 2016.. In the article, “Why Inbreeding Isn’t as Bad as You Think”, Wilkins debunks the myths behind inbreeding and attributes them to cultural taboos. Wilkins alludes that cousins who are the first in their family lineage to inbreed have the exact same changes of having healthy offspring as unrelated couples. He then mentions that marrying a second cousin would greatly increase one 's chance of having

Genetics determine the traits an individual will inherit from their parents. In society today, the role of genetics is crucial; they decide ones physical appearance as well as their personality. However, if there is a mutation located in one of the genes that a child receives it is very likely a deformity will be present. A rare yet fatal defect from a gene mutation such as this is Progeria. This disorder is an unfortunate one that may occur in two forms, either Hutchison-Gilford Progeria or Werner

Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 is associated with several diseases, such as cancer, inflammatory bowel disease and multibacillary leprosy, but has its clearest link with Parkinson's disease (Cogo, Greggio & Lewis, 2017). Up to now, several PD-associated autosomal dominant mutations in LRRK2 have been discovered, including G2019S, R1441C/G/H, Y1699C, I2020T and N1437H, indicated in figure 2. Of these mutations, which all entail amino acid Figure 3. Illustration of the protein secondary and tertiary

DETERMINATION OF THE HYPERMETHYLATION OF SELECTED TUMOUR SUPPRESSION GENES IN SALIVARY GLAND TUMOUR AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH HPV POSITIVITY. Salivary gland tumours are heterogenous group of tumours with various histogenesis and unpredictable clinical behaviour. It poses significant challenges for head and neck surgeons both in the diagnosis as well as the therapy. The benign tumour is well known for a tendency to recur and the malignant counterpart has poor prognosis and survival outcomes. The incidence

Introduction Bcl-2 encodes for B cell lymphoma. Bcl 2 gene is member of bcl2 family that are regulatory proteins that regulatory apoptosis by inducing pro-apoptotic signals or inhibiting anti-apoptotic signals. Bcl2 in located in the outer membrane of the mitochondria. It’s a protein that allows for the blocking of the cell apoptotic pathway. This make is it a proliferative signal. Bcl-2 gene promotes hematoepitic cell survival. Cell survival is controlled seperatly form cell proliferation. The