Emission spectrum

Framing climate change as an issue of sustainable development also has positive impacts for the governance of adaptation measures. It has been recognized that mitigation efforts have not sufficed to stop or even minimize the damage of global warming, with experts agreeing that the INDCs will not reach the intended reduction target of 2 degrees (International Energy Agency 2015). This has been argued to be the result of a ‘top-down’ approach that centers on nation states making international treaties

As of mid-2017 it has been recorded that a concentration 407 parts per million of Carbon Dioxide are present in the atmosphere. The current Carbon Dioxide concentration in our atmosphere is the highest recorded in the past 20 million years and it is due to human activities; mainly fossil fuel consumption and deforestation. This tremendous increase in malicious greenhouse gases in our atmosphere has started to have a noticeable impact on our earth. These being increases, and decreases in temperature

of environmental pollution in Europe and also elsewhere in the world. Every year European Union produces around 2 billion tone of waste materials and the number is getting 10% bigger every year. There is also a constant increase of carbon dioxide emissions that are a result of increasing consumption of energy and cars. Majority of European Union members is fighting with utmost and more and more frequent weather conditions, heat waves and floods, that have disastrous outcomes - economic and also for

prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system”. It resulted in the creation of the United Nations Framework on Climate Change Commission (UNFCCC), the first step of the international community in mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. The Convention enjoys near universal membership, participated by 195 states. By considering global warming as a multilateral issue that knows no territorial boundaries, the treaty asks the cooperation of the participating states in combating the

binding Protocol under which industrialized countries will reduce their collective emissions of greenhouse gases by 5.2%. The agreement aims to lower overall emissions from a group of six greenhouse gases by 2008-12, calculated as an average over these five years.” (UNFCCC, 2011) In December of 1997, 160 countries gathered in Kyoto, Japan to agree upon a Protocol that will curb emissions and hopefully restore emission levels to pre-industrial numbers. This Protocol is the Kyoto Protocol established

to reduce the United States greenhouse gas emissions. Thus having a negative influence on the climate. Another problem that can occur is

picture. The agreement China came to in Paris was to develop the smaller pieces that will help limit the emissions of CO2, starting and focusing mainly on China. According to PDF (12), China is the country emitting the largest CO2 count, calculated at 30% of the world’s CO2 emission at the end of 2014. This is due to the intense consumption of fossil fuels (China Report 1). Because of the emission of CO2, the citizens and environment of China had to learn to adapt to their new situation. Not only did

China’s 1970 economic reforms boosted the economic output by 11.4% on a yearly basis. The reforms gave authority to the provinces and enabled the market-oriented public enterprises. The economic gains were so great that they accounted for about 33% of the national GDP. Prosperity seemed imminent since the 1970s, but little did the people know that they were on the path that would place them as the world’s most polluted countries and the worlds largest greenhouse gas emitter. China is experiencing

The third approach is treating CO2 emissions a constraint within the inventory optimisation model. Chen et al. (2013) set total carbon emissions as a constraint in the EOQ formula, they draw similar conclusion with Bouchery et al. (2012) that the CO2 emission can be reduced without significantly increasing operation cost. it is possible to reduce emissions by adjusting order quantities. They also analyze the implementation of the results under different carbon regulations. Hua et al. (2011) examine

average monthly contribution of construction dust to overall PM10 emissions is 10% in Beijing (Wu et al., 2015). Buildings should be a priority for countries in order to reach sustainable societies. Building sector constitutes about 30% of global CO2 emissions (Jeong et al., 2012). Building sector represents 23% of total CO2 emissions in Korea (Jeong et al., 2012). By 2020, building sector will be responsible for 31% for total CO2 emissions in the world (Pacheco-Torres et al., 2014). By 2050, the building