Enzyme catalysis

Introduction Chorismate mutase (CM) is a central enzyme involved in the shikimate pathway. The shikimate pathway is an aromatic biosynthetic pathway that is responsible for converting primary metabolites phosphoenolpyruvate and erythrose-4-phosphate into chorismate.! This pathway also converts chorismate to prephenate to produce tyrosine and phenylalanine, as well as tryptophan by the conversion of chorismate to anthranilate by anthranilate synthase. These key aromatic amino acids are produced in

Enzymes play a major part to human well- being. Some of their roles that they play in are digestion and nutrient assimilation, in immune response, cognitive acceleration and cellular detoxification, among other things. Their main job is to accomplish specific functions throughout the body. The pancreas is what produces most of the digestive enzymes which are then called pancreatic enzymes. Another thing that enzymes are important for would be breaking down carbohydrates, protein, and fatty acids

An enzyme is macromolecular catalysts that is produced by a living organism. Each enzyme only speeds up a specific reaction which means that every enzyme speeds up what goes on inside the cell in a certain area. Enzymes can sometimes break down bigger molecules into smaller ones so the body can absorb them. When an enzyme doesn't break apart it binds two molecules into one molecule. The molecules that enzymes help out are called substrates. Substrates bind together to make a region called the active

performed to test how temperature variations affect enzymatic activity of the enzyme amylase. The results of the experiment will also determine the optimal temperature of the amylase enzyme. The results of the experiment provide evidence for determining the environments that the enzyme amylase would most likely be present. By determining the possible environments, one can predict what and how environmental factors will affect the enzyme amylase. Two forms of amylase (Bacterial - Bacillus licheniformis and

introduction of strong oxidants like N20 was explored, however, strong oxidants are very expensive and so not feasible for industrial use. Recent research, however, uses Methane Monooxygenases as a model. Methane Monooxygenases are oxidoreductase enzymes commonly found in methanotropic bacteria. One of the most studied methanotropic bacteria is Methylococcus capsulatus. It converts methane to methanol then methanol to formaldehyde and formaldehyde to formate and carbon dioxide which is used energy

An enzyme is a catalyst that accelerates chemical reactions within a cell (Campbell, 2010). Enzymes decrease a reaction’s activation energy making it easier for a reaction to occur. Enzymes possess an active site where an enzyme binds with a substrate and catalyzes the substrate. Under mild conditions, many reactions would take years to occur without enzyme catalysis. Enzymes increase the rate of cellular reactions and decrease their reaction time (Cooper, 2000). Cells contain numerous enzymes that

Enzymes: Clinical Applications Enzymes mediate almost every single biochemical reaction, process or metabolic event in the body. Overall, enzymes are proteins whose primary function is to catalyze, increase the rate of the biochemical reactions (Champe et al., 2005). Enzymes are not only efficient in increasing the rate or velocity in a biological reaction, but also are incredibly accurate at recognizing other biochemical structures to create specific products. Taking into consideration how diverse

What factors affect the reaction rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction? The concentration of substrate. If the concentration of substrate is low while the concentration of enzymes is high, the reaction rate is going to be very slow. As the substrate concentration increases, so does the reaction rate. This can be explained by the collision theory. As there are more substrate molecules, the enzymes are more like to “collide with”/bond to substrates. At some point (saturation point)the concentration

Title: Enzyme-Controlled Reactions Enzymes catalyse reactions by lowering the activation energy necessary for a reaction to occur. Enzymes are globular proteins that hasten chemical reactions. To catalyse means to speed things up by acting as a catalyst. A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without undergoing a chemical change. The molecule that an enzyme acts on is called the substrate. During the enzyme-catalysed reaction, the substrate is changed and a product

Lactose Introduction Enzymes are globular proteins. They act as catalysts. Their monomers are amino acids. Characteristically, enzymes have all protein properties. They have four levels of conformations (primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures). The primary structure of enzymes is a linear sequence of amino acids. The secondary structure of enzymes is a regular and recurring of amino acids in a peptide chain as a result of the hydrogen bond. The tertiary enzyme conformation is a complete