Epidermal growth factor receptor

RESULTS 40 operative specimens were taken and examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically for the role of epidermal growth factor in cholesteatoma in 2 groups of patients. One group consisted of 20 pediatric patients, their ages ranged from 8 to 18 years with an average of 13.63±3.53 years. The other group was the adult group and consisted of 20 patients with an age range between 21 up to 48 years and an average age of 30.63+9.08 years. In the pediatric group the males were 65%, while

angiogenesis is constantly being induced leading to the formation of vasculature from otherwise quiescent endothelial cells (5,15,16). Tumour induced angiogenesis leads to the production of aberrant, distorted and leaky vasculature (16) which promote tumour growth by increasing the blood supply in targeted areas. A study observed that cancer cells expressing the oncoproteins Bcl-2 or Bcl-xl had a less proliferative and less angiogenic effect when compared to the parental cancer cells which lacked the apoptotic

Title: Role of Immunity in the Racial Disparities of Cancer I. Introduction: A. Racial Disparities in Cancer During past several decades there has been a significant development in cancer screening, diagnosis, prevention and treatment [1]. However, cancer health disparities—for instance, higher incidence of cancer and associated mortality rates, as well as higher rates of occurrence of advanced stage cancers in certain populations is a domain in which development has not kept pace. These disparities

Breast cancer Introduction to Breast cancer Breast cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer only surpassed by lung cancer. It involves a cancerous tumour located inside the breast but spreads if treatment is not administered. (Evert et al 2011) Breast cancer can be treated if diagnosed in its early stages but becomes progressively more difficult upon reaching more advancing malignant stages. Breast cancer can be confused with being a female only disease however both sexes suffer. According

Along with or in place of chemotherapy, patients may need to receive radiation treatments to successfully rid themselves of cancer. The National Cancer Institute explains that radiation therapy, also called radiotherapy, “uses high-energy radiation to shrink tumors and kill cancer cells.” The Institute also describes the different forms of radiation used, including gamma rays, x-rays, or other beams of charged particles (“Radiation”). Like chemotherapy, the goal of radiotherapy is to damage the DNA

pro-metastatic role of TAMs: Genetic studies in mice have shown decreased rates of tumor growth and metastasis are associated with decreased TAM numbers. Lin and colleagues crossed a transgenic mouse susceptible to mammary cancer with mice containing a recessive null mutation in the CSF-1 gene (Csf1op) and compared tumor progression in wild-type and mice lacking CSF1. Of note, CSF1 is an important survival factor for macrophages. They observed that the absence of CSF-1 significantly reduced lung metastases

important role in SHH signaling. The proteins found in this family serve a variety of functions relating to microtubule regulation, such as KIF4A and KIF21A. KIF4A controls microtubule length during cell division, whereas KIF21A inhibits microtubule growth at the cell cortex. A prominent member of this family is the protein KIF7, a homologue of the protein Costal2 (Cos2) found in Drosophila and zebrafish. Both serve relatively similar functions with relation to the Hh signaling pathway, though there

Phenotypic variation Transformation heterogeneity of the LDLR causes phenotypic variety in FH Homozygotes. The seriousness of the homozygous illness can be classified by measure of functional LDLR activity. In the most extreme form, under 2% of ordinary receptor activity is identified in the patients cultured fibroblasts, coronary deaths are most continuous, and untreated patients hardly survive past the second decade of life (Goldstein et al.,2002). In FH heterozygotes patients. clinical articulation of

reason why cancer is referred to as a crab is because a cancer “adheres to any part that it seizes upon in an obstinate manner like a crab” (Ramzi S. Cotran et al. Robbins- Pathologic Basis of Disease, 1999). Cancer or neoplasm is any new abnormal growth that is growing in a very fast and uncoordinated way compared to normal tissues. What we refer to as a tumour is in fact the same as a neoplasm and any non-neoplastic usage of the term tumour has passed into limbo. A neoplasm can be benign or malignant

bulge stem cell compartment [14]. The dermal papilla is a group of mesenchymal cells that control hair follicle development and serve as a stem cell reservoir [11]. After receiving the necessary signals, the follicle enters the active state of hair growth, anagen. During this stage,