Flavivirus

The Impact of West Nile Virus on Humans (or Why We Should Worry) West Nile virus can infect humans, but there are more drastic ways that it affects our lives. The virus normally lives in birds and is transmitted among them and other animals by mosquitoes. There is no other definite method of transmission, and people do not have to worry about contracting the virus through contact with infected humans or animals. Hundreds of species of birds and many mammals, including several endangered species

General Introduction: Entebbe Bat Virus in an infectious disease caused by a Flavivirus and is closely related to yellow fever. Entebbe Bat Virus is a (+) single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) genome virus. It’s an enveloped virus with icosahedral nucleocapsid. It’s genome has approximately 10,000 to 12,000 kilobases). Entebbe Bat Virus was first isolated from a little free-tailed bat (Chaerephon pumilus) in Uganda in 1957, but wasn’t detectable after initial isolation. In 2011, Entebbe Bat Virus was isolated

More and more recently, we have been finding new “emerging” diseases that continually baffle scientists as to how they came to be. Many of these diseases have not left the public eye yet, such as HIV/AIDS, Ebola, and the yearly strains of Influenza; however, we must remain vigilant of every disease that plagues humanity – including the all but forgotten West Nile Virus. Much like Influenza, West Nile Virus has its own season. It tends to rear itself in the summer and fall, so it can potentially

1. What is the purpose of the study and what questions were asked? Zika virus epidemic in the Americas is linked to increased prevalence in microcephaly in infants infected with the Zika virus (ZIKV) in utero. The purpose of the study was to develop a vaccine to for women of childbearing age and their sexual partners to prevent infection and Viremia due to ZIKV. The authors created a DNA vaccine that can produce pre-membrane and envelope proteins that offer immune protection in mice and primates

Zika virus ZIKV is a flavivirus that has several modes of transmission across humans. Classically, the mosquito is the vector of transmission and yet, more recent literature shows that the outbreak of ZIKV viruses were sexually transmitted from infected individuals to uninfected individuals. Concerned for the general health of the population, Lim et. all attempt to understand the overall enhancement of ZIKV infection by preexisting antibodies against other flaviviruses, more specifically, against

ABOUT THE PATHOGEN The pathogen - West Nile virus belongs to the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus and is part of an antigenic complex of Japanese encephalitis viruses. According to the classification of human-pathogenic microorganisms WNV belongs to II group of pathogenicity. Pathogen - flavivirus has an icosahedral shape, the approximate size is 40-50nm. Flavivirus has a single-stranded RNA, has a protein coat an enveloped capsid. Based on the differences of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences

America. Cases have even been reported in Mexico and Canada. This paper will focus on the main symptoms, treatments, vaccination types, and prevention. JH van der Kolk and EJB Veldhuuis Kroeze classify West Nile Virus as, “a member of the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae, and has a broad vertebrate host range” (Infectious Diseases of the Horse pg141). West Nile was first identified in humans in Uganda, Africa’s West Nile district in 1937. The first identified case in an equine was in 1960. The

The Flying Fever: Yellow Fever A scientist is studying the social skills of spider in the Amazon jungle. Suddenly, the scientist is bit by a mosquito. The scientist slaps the mosquito away and carries on with his studies. After three days, the scientist experiences a fever, muscle aches, nausea, and is very dizzy. The scientist was bit by a Yellow fever carrying mosquito. He is in the third day of contraction. The scientist decides he must find a way out of the jungle. If the scientist does

Great concerns have been made by the public on the outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, on the influences it may bring to human fetal. Numerous research have been made analysing the impact on human fetal if their mothers are being infected by ZIKA virus during pregnancy and there are still more to be revealed. Freitas et al. (2016) reports the ocular findings in infant with microcephaly (birth defect with abnormal smallness of head) while Mlakar et al. (2016) reveals the consequences

is a higher chance of kidney problems. About 15-15% then proceed to the ‘toxic’ stage of which around 50% then die around 14 days after catching yellow fever. Dengue Fever General Information Dengue fever is a mosquito-transmitted virus, it is a Flavivirus which is the same genus as yellow fever. There are five different varieties of the virus and being infected usually gives lifelong immunity to that particular variety and short-term immunity to the other varieties. However this also increases the