Foreign hostages in Somalia

killing of prominent officials and other opponents of the Revolution. In general, terrorists aim to incite fear in the population through pre-meditated violent acts and gain publicity as a medium in achieving their goals. Such acts include taking hostages, bombings and assassinations, all of which create fear and compliance in a victim or audience. Terrorism can be distinguished from other types of political violence through its disregard for and intentional harming of innocent civilians. Also, terrorists

Since the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon on 11 September 2001, there have been different U.S. strategies to try and combat the rise of global terrorism. The attacks made the entire world all too aware of the scale and scope of threats that terrorism can carry. The post-9/11 global climate has thus seen a shift in awareness of and response to terrorist threats. For the last thirteen years now the United States has denoted terrorism as one of the largest threats to national

U.S. Counterintelligence and Covert Operations Counterintelligence (CI) involves actions aimed at protecting the United States against foreign intelligence operations and espionage from penetration and disruption by hostile nations or their intelligence services (Lowenthal, 2014). Three main components of Counterintelligence include collection, defensive and offensive. Collection is ability to gather intelligence information about rivalry capabilities against own nation; defensive part of CI involve

Counterintelligence (CI) involves actions aimed at protecting the United States against foreign intelligence operations and espionage from penetration and disruption by hostile nations or their intelligence services (Lowenthal, 2014). Three main components of Counterintelligence include collection, defensive and offensive. The collection is the ability to gather intelligence information about rivalry capabilities against own nation; defensive part of CI involves measures to prevent and thwart other

highlight the importance of maintaining not only one’s physical well-being, but also one’s psychological well-being to overcome life-threatening experiences. In order for the respective female protagonists—Melissa Fung and Amanda Lindhout— to survive as hostages, they must persevere through two mental obstacles: isolation and death. Firstly, in Under the Afghan Sky, Melissa Fung faces isolation from the outside world and from the people whom she loves, such as her family and friends. She is trapped for

Earmarked for financing health and education services, hydroelectric projects and cross-border trade, the loan is intended as an incentive to end Congo’s violence, despite the country’s endemically poor governance: The D.R.C. ranks behind only Somalia in Foreign Policy’s Failed States Index.” (Herbst, Jeffery and Mills, Greg, JULY 11, 2013) “Once viewed as the preserve of autocrats and corruption, some countries in Africa are now seen as the new, high-yield investment frontier.” (Herbst, Jeffery

These countries are Iraq, Iran, Syria, Somalia, Sudan, Libya, and Yemen. Though this isn’t the first time a US president sets a travel restriction, it is the first time since President Jimmy Carter set a travel ban on Iranians after after the 1979 hostage crisis which held US citizens working in the US Embassy in Tehran hostage for 444 days. Though Jimmy Carter and his administration has a much more compelling reason to place a travel

The United States (U.S.) uses two approaches to their foreign policy. The first approach is realism. This viewpoint stresses that the principal actors, states, will pursue their own interests in an anarchical world. States will try to establish a balance of power that restrains aggressive states from dominating weaker ones. The second approach is idealism. This view stresses that states should transform the system into a new international order where peace can prevail. This approach emphases the

occurred in the IOR (Hastings, 2012). The operation usually involves the pirates taking the crew or significant members of the crew (the captain) hostage and asking their families or employer for a significant ransom (Laipson, 2009). These ‘pirates’ will commandeer or utilise the crew to steer the ships back to their country. The strategic location of Somalia in the Horn of Africa, makes it an ideal departure location for piracy operations (Bhaskar & Kemp, 2011). The geographical chokepoint of the horn

With recent operations by the Pakistani military and drone attacks by the US, these safe-havens are being attacked, but they remain a major refuge for the Taliban and other insurgents. Complicating the matter are allegations of Pakistani Intelligence (ISI) support for the Taliban and Pakistani fears of Indian influence in Afghanistan. Recent US strategy in fighting terrorism with military force revolves around three central ideas – a counterinsurgency (COIN) philosophy recognizing the importance