Forensic facial reconstruction

Forensic faciocranial reconstruction is a tool used by artists to assist with a drawing, sculpture, or even 3-D model of a tangible image of a face. These images are produced using the skull of an individual and using known muscle markers to estimate facial structure. These markers, in conjunction with the use of clay or some other medium, produces a life like, yet subjective reconstruction of a skull. According to an article published by the Smithsonian Institute, there are 5 major steps in reconstructing

Forensic Facial Reconstruction Forensic facial reconstruction is the process of recreating the face of an individual from their remains. Typically the identity of the individual is unknown and recreating the face gives a family the opportunity to recognize the individual. Although facial reconstruction can give leads to identify the individual, formal means of identification such as DNA, dental records, fingerprints, or a comparison of bone morphologies are still required for positive identification

old technique in the forensic sciences. This paper will examine the use and application of forensic facial reconstruction. Through topics such as its use in the identification process, discussion of soft tissue thickness, the subjectivity of practitioners, and the reliability and accuracy of these techniques, this paper will hopefully address many strengths and weaknesses found within the practice of forensic facial reconstruction. Description Forensic facial reconstruction is a technique that combines

Forensic Facial Reconstructions Samantha McAnally CRMJ430 April 20, 2013 Abstract This paper will focus mainly on the history and the various techniques that forensic facial reconstruction has to offer. It will also go over some problems or an issue that is process has faced over the years. The Daubert Standard will discuss and how facial reconstruction was allowed as evidence thru this standard. I will go over all the periods of time that facial reconstruction was used. Computerized

specifically examines forensic facial recognition and the four different categories of techniques that aid in identification. The four techniques include, two-dimensional facial reconstruction, photographic superimposition, three-dimensional clay facial reconstruction, and three-dimensional computer-based facial reconstruction. As these techniques are discussed, the paper further outlines the limitations of each technique and the controversy over forensic facial reconstruction. There are researchers

Three-Dimensional Facial Reconstruction Similar to the two-dimensional approach, a forensic artist and anthropologist are essential in three-dimensional facial reconstruction (Gupta et al., 2015). Initiating the three-dimensional reconstruction techniques, clay or plastic have been typically used to make replication of skulls (Decker, S., Davy-Jow, S., Faraut, P., Ford, J., Hilbelink, D. & Neville, W., 2013). This clay or plastic replication method still utilizes soft facial tissue depth markers

There are varying opinions regarding the usefulness and validity of facial reconstruction as a forensic method of identification. An overwhelming amount of research claims that facial reconstruction is not an effective forensic technique. To follow the chronological order of the paper, problems arising with facial reconstruction will be outlined. In the beginning of facial reconstruction techniques, cadavers examined for determining reference points for soft tissue depths on the face (Nelson, L.A

1. What are epiphyseal fusions? What can they tell a forensic anthropologist? Epiphyseal fusion is the closing of these areas at the clavicle, iliac crest and the longer bones of the arms and legs. The forensic athropologist has a complete skeleton, either he or she can tell the victims age by looking where closures have occurred and where they haven't. 2. What is ethnobotany? Why is this area helpful for forensic anthropologists? The study of plant remains and pollens. These items can be found

and what race the victim was. The bones are a big part of finding out how a person died by looking at medical records, mostly X-rays of the victim. They look for dental records for a victim if they think they had some sort of dental records. The forensic anthropologist looks for marks on the would represent, such as healed breaks, fractures, bone disease, surgical marks, amputations, bone abnormalities, and arthritis. Investigators look for surgical appliances, such as pacemakers, artificial hips

deceased, they leave many clues behind for forensic anthropologists to find their identity. Forensic anthropologists can figure out information of the victim from their bones such as how old they were, if they were male or female, their race, their stature, and other individual characteristics. Another way forensic anthropologists can identify the victim is by facial reconstruction and photo superimposition. The bones of the victim are very important when forensic anthropologists are trying to figure out