Functional groups

Warfarin, (Coumadin) is the most commonly prescribed oral anticoagulant for patients. It was originally used for rat poisoning in mid 1900’s. It was later discovered safe for humans to digest, to reduce blood clots from forming in the blood or arteries. Vitamin K plays a major role for blood clotting The drug inhibits the enzyme vitamin K epoxide reductase and interferes with blood coagulation. Patients prescribed with this drug is advised to consume less food that are rich in vitamin K because it

fourth table was created to know the importance index of various function groups by using information from table1 and table 3. For example, the importance index for chassis is calculated by multiplying each row in table 3 with the relative percentage of each column of table1 that is (.50 x .41) + (.30 x .32) + (.10 x .18) + (.10 x .09) = .33. A final table was developed to calculate the target cost index for each functional group. The target cost index was calculated by dividing each important index

and filtration to isolate the desired product, and characterization of the product by analyzing IR spectras and melting points. Acetaminophen considered synthesized, primarily due to the IR spectrum exhibiting all the bond vibrations is the amide group. The percent yield of 124.6% imply that there was a mechanical error that occurred, thus, also tampering with the progression of the chemical reaction. The wide melting point range of 165 C-169 C denote the impurity of the acetaminophen product.

absorptions for the following compounds: Formaldehyde (HCHO) 1750 cm-1. Acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) 1745 cm-1. Acetone (CH3COCH3) 1715 cm-1. Introduction of an electronegative group causes –I effect which results in the bond order to increase. Hence the force constant increases and the wave number of absorption rises. MESOMERIC EFFECT It is responsible for lengthening or the weakening of a bond thus causing lowering of absorption

Aspirin Synthesis Organic chemical synthesis is the process of creating a different substance from two or more existing substances. It can be done naturally or through man made techniques. Synthesis has been going on for ages, although there was a time that we did not actually know that was what we were doing. The first conscious synthesis was when urea was made in 1828. Since then, this science has continued to become more developed and since World War II it has been growing exponentially. A complete

suitable candidates for new drugs. Fig. 2: Methylphenidate compared to Dopamine and Amphetamine The first analog of Ritalin (figure 3) has a structure that is somewhat similar to that of the original drug. However, the ester functional group(figure 4) is replaced by an imine group (figure 5). This creates a molecule that has one less hydrogen bond acceptor, making it less polar then the original structure of Ritalin. The possible consequences of this change consist of both a

Creatine is an organic molecule that is found in the human body as well as other vertebrate animal’s tissue (“Creatine”). It is considered an amino acid. Creatine is made naturally in the liver or can be taken as a supplement (“Creatine”). Creatine has shown that when taken as a supplement it has many benefits to the human body. Structure and Properties: The formula for creatine is; C4H9N3O2 (“Creatine”). The structure is: By looking at the structure of creatine

Natural fibers represent environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional reinforcing fibers (glass, carbon, kevlar). Advantages of natural fibers over traditional ones are low cost, high toughness, low density, good specific strength properties, reduced tool wear (nonabrasive to processing equipment), enhanced energy recovery, CO2 neutral when burned, biodegradability. Because of their hollow and cellular nature, natural fibers perform as acoustic and thermal insulators and exhibit reduced

ester, and ether are examples of the functional group. One of the functional group that tends not to think about is a plain old hydrogen. It is a functional group, but it is normally ignored. It is drawn sometimes, but often time in the structure, it will be left out. There is a reason for the fact that the Hydrogen is normally disregarded. That is because there are not many chemistries can be done with Hydrogen which is not an extremely reactive functional group. The hydrogen is generally mentioned

Esters are a specific type of functional group that can be derived from carboxylic acids. The –COOH group found within a carboxylic acid is changed to form an ester, specifically the hydrogen molecule, which is replaced by a hydrocarbon. Esters are present in many common things like animal and vegetable fats and oils. Made up of long, complex esters, the physical differences between fats and oils are in fact due to the different melting points of esters contained in each. For example, if the melting