Functional groups

not irritate the stomach (Richman, 2004). It also has very low toxicity is it is used properly. Acetaminophen is cheap and easily obtainable from any pharmacy. Acetaminophen is created when the amine group of p-aminophenol is acetylated by acetic anhydride. This creates an amide functional group and the

of acetylcholine in synaptic cleft therefore prolong the neurotransmitter action. Acetylcholinesterase enzyme inhibitors action can be reversible and irreversible. The reversibility or irreversibility of the inhibitory action depends on the functional group available in the agent. Carbamates are derived from carbamic acid, the structure activity relation of carbamates are: X: can be Sulphur (Thiocarbamate) or oxygen R1 and R2 : Substitute can by alkyl or hydrogen R3 : mostly should be organic

concentration of reacting species, the system responds by attaining a new equilibrium that partially offsets the impact of change.” (Petrucci, 2010) The structure of the reagents greatly affects the rate of Esterification. Presence of bulk groups on the alpha carbon or the site of the reaction causes esterification to slow

Organic Chemistry Laboratory – CH 200L (2012 – 2013) 2B-Ph Group 9 Experiment 10 Identifying Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives Through Classification Tests Bianca Therese Rivera, Camille Aliana Rivera, Zarah Mae Roxas, Ma. Rosario Teresa Saylo, Jean Darlene Semilla and Adrian Yu Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Santo Tomas, Espana Street, Manila 1008 Date Submitted: September 13, 2012 ------------------------------------------------- Abstract Carboxylic acid derivatives

INTRODUCTION: The pharmaceutical industry has long been trying to improve the effectiveness of certain drugs it would like to introduce and mass-produce. The concept behind many of these drugs is sound; however, they appear to fall short when it comes to some of their chemical properties. These properties, including solubility, stability, intrinsic dissolution and bioavailability, affect the extent to which the body can utilize the drug effectively, and it is thus vital that drugs are developed to

via an Sn1 Reaction Copeland 1 Introduction/Background Substitution reactions are important chemical processes that contribute to the production of new compounds. Simplistically, these reactions take place through a series of steps in which one functional group is replaced by another (March). There are two types of nucleophilic substitution reactions, first-order and second-order, but this experiment only involves the Sn1 first-order reactions. Sn1 reactions are considered unimolecular meaning that

In this experiment, the addition of Bromine to an alkene was done. In doing so the solution undergoes a halogen addition reaction, which is a simple reaction where a halogen molecule is added to a double bonded carbon0carbon alkene functional group. In this experiment cholesterol (the alkene used) is dissolved in 2 mL of methyl tert-butyl ether and Bromine (halogen) is added to the solution to create a reaction. To proceed in the reaction Bromine, reddish-brown, solution is added into a solution

smell. Esters can have specific smells and if the scent can be determined, one may have an idea of the ester was created. IR spectroscopy will identify the bonds of the functional groups. The ester can be considered pure if there are no additional peaks on the IR spectrum. For example, if a peak corresponding to an alcohol group appeared on the IR spectrum it would mean the ester is not completely pure. Melting point can also be used to confirm the identity and how pure the final product is. Comparison

additions are formed from ketone and aldehyde groups under acid or basic conditions. Catalyzed by these conditions the ketones undergo tautomerization between keto-enol forms, the enolate reacting with a neighboring aldehyde. The new bond is created between the alpha carbon of ketone and electrophilic center of the aldehyde by electrophilic addition. With Grignard reactions, an organomagnesium carbanion reacts with another electron withdrawing group such as a carbanion. Because Grignard

polyesters (HBP) have attracted more interest and attained severe studying in the last four decades. They are members of a group of macromolecules called dendritic polymers, which obtained from their three-dimensional structure, large number of functional groups and having peculiar and distinctive properties. They have extremely branched backbone, which give contact to a lot of reactive groups; their structure give them brilliant flow, handling properties and categorized as lower viscosity than linear polymers