Gastropod shell

Coral Reefs ecosystems only covered two tracks up to the 1970-80’s and they were biological and geological. From those years, we have been able to study and learn more about coral reefs. We have found that these reefs exist and a continued form such as none reef-building coral ecosystems can have fast structures being built. There is still quite a bit of things we will need to learn such as determining if coral communities are dependent on the abilities of reef building. They are used for structure

generalists; adult horseshoe crabs are omnivorous and feed on a wide variety of seabed invertebrates, including crustaceans, gastropods, polychaetes, bivalves (Botton et al. 2003; Botton, 2009), and even algae (Cartwright-Taylor, 2015). When the crabs encounter patches of their preferred prey, such as bivalves, they have been known to feed extensively, packing their guts with the shells (Botton,

Reflective piece: The struggle: Eons into the future when mankind has ventured out into the cosmos after a long period of endless drifting a voice can be heard: “Finally our long nomadic era of drifting has ended and humankind has now found an abode in the distant edges of the galaxy. We called it Valhalla the beautiful haven, behold our shining utopia built from our enduring spirit and scientific achievement. This is our

The Permo-Triassic mass extinction: what died out LIFE IN THE SEA Fusulinid foraminifera disappeared completely, although other foram groups suffered much lower levels of extinction. Palaeozoic corals (Rugosa and Tabulata) also vanished. Stenolaemate bryozoans and articulate brachiopods suffered near-complete extinction. The extant echinoderm groups all experienced severe bottlenecks at this time: only two lineages of crinoids and echinoids made it into the Mesozoic. Several echinoderm groups (e

‘A Birthday’ is an upbeat, jubilant poem about love, written by Christina Rossetti in 1861. While many believe that this love she is expressing so effusively is about a man, I believe that it is about her new-found love for God. Rossetti, after all, was a very religious person. The poem, surprisingly, has an exuberant, lively tone, a great contrast to her other works, which almost always give a sense of gloom and bleakness. Rossetti creates a structured arrangement, allowing the images to flow

When visiting Te Raekaihou Point on the New Zealand Rocky Shore, our intent was to analyse interspecific relations between species found on the Rocky Shore and to investigate a pattern in the ecological community. Samples were taken using transect lines and quadrats, and observations were made both in terms of a site profile, as well as making measurements such as Salinity, pH of the Water, Air Temperature, Water Temperature and Light Intensity. The two species I have chosen to investigate the relationship

Mantis shrimp, which is a varicolored creature living in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, is an extraordinary pet, for not only does it colorful body impresses the people but also its powerful appendages, which are a nightmare to crabs, gastropods, and almost all other animals in the sea. Due to its interesting feature, many people at the present favor this species. In addition, some people even want to adopt the mantis shrimps as their pets; nevertheless, there are many hardships coming

Estuaries An estuary is a partially enclosed body of water formed where the freshwater from the land mixes and meets with saltwater from the sea. As a result, the salinity and water level among various other factors, is dependent on the ocean tides. 80% of the world’s cities are situated near an estuary. For its abundance in resources are crucial to to the longevity of the cities. It is recognized globally as one of the most threatened ecologies in the world. Human activities such as agriculture

Areas immediately west of the study area tend to receive more winter precipitation and have a more distinctly bimodal precipitation pattern (Dean, 1988:Figure 5.1; Dean, 1996:Figure 5). The sinuous boundary between the two precipitation patterns is determined by the relative strengths of the air masses that bring winter and summer moisture, and accordingly its location has shifted over time (Dean, 1988). Therefore, the Carrizo Wash watershed likely experienced prehistoric periods with significantly

Station Animals and features 1 Vegetation line 2 End of vegetation line 3 Shell line, Ghost crab 4 Shells 5 Wet sand on beach surface, Ghost crab 6 7 8 Fresh water runoff, crab burrows, Ghost crab, Hermit crab. 9 10 11 12 Bivalves, hermit crabs, sand dollars, polychaete worms and gastropods. Table 2: Presence and occurrence of marine organisms in the surf zone of Pallarenda beach. Organism F, frequent species. +, Species