Glaciology

THE DRAINING OF GLACIAL LAKE MISSOULA AND THE RESULTING GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS RIZZO, Scott Department of Geology, SUNY Cortland,Cortland, NY 13045 In the 1920’s, geologist J. Harlen Bretz challenged the current concept of how various geological formations happened. At the time, geologists believed in uniformitarianism, which meant that geologic change in the past resulted from the same slow, steady processes at work today. But Bretz presented evidence that there was at least one exception to

Endurance is a novel that explains the giant failure of a trans-Antarctic expedition. The entire operation was led by bold and brave man by the name of Sir Ernest Shackleton. The purpose of the expedition was to attempt to cross the Antarctic continent in the year 1914. It was an outrageous and at some points, a hopeless struggle for survival for Shackleton and his crew. He had a crew of twenty-eight strong and noble men, which were resilient and determined on this journey, of about two years. The

An Ice Age is a period of geologic time in which the Earth’s climate sees a dramatic drop in temperatures. This basically means that it is a lot cooler than it was in different parts of earth’s geologic history. As a matter of fact, earth is believed to be in the middle of a glaciation period currently because of our polar ice sheets. As we know it today there were about six ice ages that have occurred throughout the history of the earth. Glaciation periods have helped shape the earth as we know

The Ice Age The ice age has covered most of north America and has carved out numerous lakes. The glacier was a 100-foot high flow of ice and snow. Remnants of these large sheets of ice can still be seen today in the form of numerous lakes and the most brilliant of them are the Great Lakes. Other, larger ones, such as Lake Winnipeg, Reindeer, Athabaska, Great Slave, and Great Bear in Canada, existed at one time but have since drained off and have disappeared. Glaciers reached as far south

and come apart and allow for countless sheets of lava to be transferred out over the land (Hay, 1992). Through time the ice caps frequently collected and spread over enormous extents in North America. In this timeframe, movements to the south would occur making the ice push and relocate expansive quantities of soils and rocks. This movement effected how the great glacial streams would flow (Hay, 1992). With the extremely large rains and glacial ice melting valleys and flooding played a great role

The Wisconsin Glaciation of Minnesota A glacier is a large body of ice that moves slowly across land and are formed by there being a higher snow gain rather than a snow melt. Glaciers move by a small amount of ice melting and the glacier sliding. Glaciers can help and destroy the landscape in front of them but they can also shape the land into something amazing. Glaciers were once present in Minnesota thousands of years ago and played a massive role on the landscape we live on today, and as they

It is often said that humans are the largest threat to Earth, but not because of violence between one another. Humans are the largest threat to Earth because we as a species pollute the air, land, and water of the very planet we call home. Without Earth all life as we know it will cease to exist. Global warming is the product of the pollutants created by mankind. If mankind as a whole does not change its ways we will ruin our one and only planet that is suitable to sustain life. In Warm, Warmer,

The atmosphere on the Earth is evolving. Ice age is interleaved with the a worldwide temperature alteration. In the present age, the temperature of the Earth's atmosphere framework proceed quickly increment and it prompts an unnatural weather change. An unnatural weather change is the procedure of progressive development of normal yearly temperature of the air of the Earth and World sea. The normal temperature on the Earth was expanded by 0.6C. There are different reasons of a dangerous atmospheric

The Identity of a Glaicer Glaciers have helped define the topography of earth for many years. A glacier is a large mass of ice that has been compacted of snow and ice for a long period of time. The ice age we will be focusing on is the Pleistocene era, which was “a period that began about 2.5 million years ago and ended about 10,000 years ago” (513). This was the most recent ice age where it helped formed our present-day lands. During this time, ice covered about 19 million square miles which

Even today when people talk about glaciers the term “Ice Age” comes up. During the past 2 ½ million years the world fought with ice sheets roughly fifteen times. “Approximately 34 m.y. ago, Earth’s climate transitioned from a relatively warm, ice-free world to one characterized by cooler climates and a large, permanent Antarctic Ice Sheet” (Science Letter, 2010). This time period involved glacial advances and withdrawals called glaciations and deglaciations. The most current glaciation in North