Gratz v. Bollinger

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    Reconstruction Period and has been applied successfully against the affirmative action. Introduced in United States v. Carolene Products Co., the strict scrutiny has been applied to the cases, in which a fundamental constitutional rights have been infringed or a government action applies to a suspect classification (i.e. race, religion, national background). Specifically, in regards to Bakke v. Regents of University of California, the Supreme Court (“the Court”) concluded that, considering that the University

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    Race and The Affirmative Action Policies

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    and the impacts on society the utilization of race creates. With such pending questions on fairness and of the constitutionality of affirmative action policies two major Supreme Court cases have arisen, University of California Regents v. Bakke and Grutter v. Bollinger, both impacting university admissions policies throughout the country and setting precedent in following rulings. Following the two rulings of these cases, I argue that affirmative action and the utilization of

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    two major Supreme Court decisions need to be identified, which are related to student to student sexual harassment. Gebser v. Lago Vista Independent School District sets the standard under Title IX in which an institution could be held liable for sexual harassment. However, this particular case only addressed faculty to student sexual harassment. The Supreme Court did use Davis v. Monroe County Board of Education to clarify whether the standards set in Gebser apply to harassment cases regarding student

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    Thesis Statement The case of Grutter V. Bollinger was based on a racial decision by the University of Michigan Law School denying Barbara Grutter entrance. She had a good GPA and a good place on the LSAT, and she should have been allowed into the school without her race being considered. Introduction This was a United States Supreme Court case, in where Barbara Grutter applied for the University of Michigan Law School and was denied. This University

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    Debate on race becoming more heated many believe that precise action needs to be taken before the twenty-five year timeframe, especially with minority populations becoming larger in areas were racial issues still persist. It is safe to say that Grutter enumerated five basic questions that would determine whether race conscious admissions policies are constitutional. “(1) Whether the program offers a competitive review of all applications without quotas or separate tracts that isolate minorities

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    The University of Texas at Austin is a world renown school with an acceptance rate of 40.2% as of 2013. Abigail Fisher, a white woman from Texas, sued the University of Texas for racial discrimination in the university’s admission program. Ms. Fisher lost her district court case and the Fifth Circuit Case three to zero; but the Supreme Court accepted her appeal for another trial. Due to Ms. Fisher not being able to attend The University of Texas, she was accepted into Louisiana State University shortly

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    It has been argued that Fisher III neither provides any substantive additions to Equal Protection Clause (EPC) Jurisprudence, nor any guidance to lower courts how to apply Grutter and determine whether a race-based admissions program is consistent with the Fourteenth Amendment. Danielle Holley-Walker, in her article published in winter of 2014, explores the impact Fisher III has on race-conscious admissions programs, and argues that Fisher III enhances the strict scrutiny analysis, especially when

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    Case Summary: Grutter v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. 306 (2003) involved a white Michigan resident named Barbara Grutter and the University of Michigan Law School. Grutter was frustrated by her rejection from the Law School, claiming that the University’s decision was due to a discriminatory admission policy which sought to enroll greater amounts of underrepresented minority students. Grutter believed that white candidates possessed a disadvantage due to this policy and she sued the university. According

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    Samia Ashraf Teaching Professional Section 5 Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenburg 1) Complete Citation: SWANN v. BOARD OF EDUCATION, 402 U.S. 1 (1971) 2) Parties involved in the case: Plaintiff: Swann Defendant: Board of Education (Charlotte-Mecklenburg) 3) Dates: Argued: October 12, 1970 Decided: April 20, 1971 4) Facts: Since the verdict made by the Supreme Court on the Brown v. Board of Education case, little enactment was made in the Charlotte-Mecklenburg, North Carolina’s school

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    America’s history is shamefully and unfortunately stained with racial, cultural, and ethnic inequality for almost group, excluding rich, straight, white, males. From the very beginning, African American’s alone faced an Everest sized battle to be regarded as equals, and many (most) would argue that they still are trudging up the treacherous slope of prejudice and inequality today. The 14th amendment was passed stating that everyone born in the United States is an American and is guaranteed “equal

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