Immunofluorescence

Human pluripotent stem cells, including both human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), possess the ability to differentiate into any type of somatic cell, imparting promise as diverse therapeutic tools. However, a major barrier for clinically utilizing hESCs and iPSCs are animal derived or xeno products. In order to eliminate potential contaminants and possible inconsistencies, the cells need to be cultured in xeno-free conditions. Culturing stem cells requires

each continuous measurement and as proportions with confidence intervals for each dichotomous measurement. For in vivo studies proposed in Aim 2, 5 animals per arm will be utilized to validate in vivo impact of nanoparticle delivered drugs. Immunofluorescence analysis of resulting tumors will be compared for differences between the groups using ANOVA generating two-sided p-values, adjusting for the molecular subtype and accounting for repeated measures over time. For the 4 group comparison,

Combinatorial extracellular matrix microenvironments promote survival and phenotype of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells in hypoxia; a review Endothelial cells derived from induced human pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-ECs) are a promising candidate for enhancing the treatment of ischemic tissues. However, current understanding of the microenvironmental factors involved in endothelial differentiation is limited, leading to low cell survival following transplantation. Ultimately

be associated with impaired proteasomal functions. To understand how indomethacin contributes in accumulation of aggregate-prone proteins via proteasomal dysfunction, we treated cells with indomethacin and MG132 with or without nocodazole and immunofluorescence analysis was performed with anti-ubiquitin and γ-tubulin antibodies, as represented in Fig 3F. These findings indicate that use of indomethacin disturbs proteasomal functions and most likely accelerates the accumulation of aggregate-prone proteins

Coltivirus Coltivirus, belonging to the Reovirus family is a genome of viruses that infect plants, vertebrates, and even invertebrates. . This virus is one of the causing agents of Colorado tick fever in North America, which has been isolated from patients with encephalitis, flulike syndromes, meningitis, and other severe complications. The main vector for the Coltivirus in North America is the Rocky Mountain Wood Tick, although the virus has also been isolated from mosquitoes, rodents, and humans

Abstract Murine chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) results in white matter (WM) injury and behavioral deficits. Pericytes influence blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and cerebral blood flow. Under hypoxic conditions, perictyes detach from perivascular locations, increasing vessel permeability and neuronal injury. This study characterizes the time course of BBB dysfunction and pericyte coverage following murine experimental CCH secondary to bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS). Mice underwent

Upconversion is a term that characterizes the conversion of lower-energy light, particularly in the near-infrared region, into higher-energy light within the visible spectrum. This occurs through a process in which the sequential absorption of multi-photon near-infrared light yields the emission of light that is of shorter wavelength[1]. This process is represented in Figure 1, which shows the emissions of light within the visible spectrum after excitation of various dopant ions by near-infrared

Exposure to Airborne Particulate Matter from Vehicular Exhaust Results in Progression of Brain Injury Following Experimental Stroke Qinghai Liu, Ryan Radwanski, Robin Babadjouni, Peter Baumbacher, Shuhan He, Jonathan Russin, Todd Morgan, Constantinos Sioutas, Caleb Finch, William J. Mack  Abstract Introduction  Methods Animals All procedures utilized in this study were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC; protocol # 11968) of the University of Sothern California

receptor-sufficient and deficient mice to understand the effects of breast milk-derived SIgA on development of the host’s immunity and gut microbiota, thus evaluating the relationship. The mice that had a Pigr gene mutation were used. Tissue histology and immunofluorescence microscopy were performed on the mouse’s tissue. Quantification of Fecal IgA and for Bacteria in MLNs was performed. After quantification, the mouse’s fecal microbiota was analyzed by PhyloChip hybridization at the early days of the mouse’s

certain tests. These experiments in particular, determine whether an individuals’ immune system has produced an HIV specific immune response. The Indirect binding assay and antibody capture assay, as well as the double antigen sandwich, ELISA, immunofluorescence, Western blotting, line immune assays, PCR and viral isolation tests all can determine the presence of HIV. Fatigue is the number one symptom of HIV. The symptoms of acute infection are commonly “flu-like” such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting