Indus Waters Treaty

Food and Water Availability in Pakistan The country of Pakistan is currently facing a multitude of issues that affects the majority of their population such as food and water shortages that are difficult to resolve. There are many different causes for the country’s food and water shortages. However, the likely cause of this issue can be attributed to the country’s extreme dependence on groundwater. Pakistan’s rural population which consists of more than half of the country’s population, obtains most

Neorealism in IR theory Neorealism has often been associated with Waltz (1979). Actually, neorealism is a response of realism theory devised by Hans Morgenthau (1948), which assumes that all affecting factors for “cooperation and discord” or “peace and war” are only under certain conditions (Keohane, 1986, p. 2 - 3). Neorealism has been the most prominent and influential approach in the field of IR theory since the early 1980s. Mikhail Gorbachev and Kim Il Sung were the examples of leaders that

including Kashmir, Siacheen and Sir Creek. The geographical division also created water dispute between two countries because of handing over Ferozpur headwork to India that led to India’s control of water. This situation was later on resolved by World Bank through Indus Basin Treaty through which the two western rivers were given to India and Pakistan was given a specific Share in water of Indus. Now that share of water is being disputed by India. The two South Asian neighboring countries Pakistan

AGREEMENTS ON SHARED RIVER WATERS NEGOTIATED BY INDIA AND NEPAL 3 3.2.1. The Sarda Barrage Agreement 4 3.2.2. The Koshi Project Agreement 4 3.2.3. The Gandak Irrigation and Power Project Agreement 5 3.2.4. The Tanakpur Barrage Agreement 5 3.2.5. The Treaty on the Integrated Development of the Mahakali River 6 3.3. AGREEMENTS BETWEEN BANGLADESH AND INDIA 7 3.3.1. Background 7 3.3.2. Agreements on the sharing of the Ganges flows 9 3.3.3. The Treaty on the Sharing of the Ganga/Ganges Waters at Farakka (12th December

"Fierce competition for fresh water may well become a source of conflict and wars in the future." - Kofi Annan, former U.N. Secretary-General in 2001 Background of the Study 1. Water is directly related with the survival of human kind and it is crucial unlike other resources, because it does not have choices and alternatives. As a consequence of global warming and pollution, importance of water has increased much. Some "2 billion people” already lack water supplies. Water use has risen six-fold over

India Pakistan Negotiation is Best in the Interest of Pakistan The ongoing rivalry and military grievances between India and Pakistan have compelled both the countries to invest a considerable amount of their resources into defense which could be better utilized in initiating development projects. Decades of internal political disputes and low levels of foreign investment have led to slow growth and underdevelopment in Pakistan. Agriculture accounts for more than one-fifth of output

“Climate change is an urgent and growing threat to our national security, contributing to increased natural disasters, refugee flows, and conflicts over basic resources like food and water.” These words from the U.S. National Security Strategy show the United States is moving forward on addressing the challenges posed by climate change. The Department of Defense published the 2014 Climate Change Adaption roadmap establishing three overarching goals and four lines of effort to guide geographic

This was necessary because in South Asia, in order to sustain life, the basin irrigation system of Indus was crucial for ecology. Despite their past, these two countries managed to cooperate because if they had not done so, these two countries would’ve suffered from a very problematic consequence. This reveals India and Pakistan’s capabilities of overcoming

The Severity and Extent of Environmental Scarcity in Pakistan The Land and Its People Pakistan, which means "land of the pure", is a predominantly Muslim state located in the northwest of the Indian subcontinent. Extending from the northern Himalayan mountain ranges one thousand miles down to the Arabian Sea, it is bounded on the northwest by the mountain ranges of Koh Sulaiman and by Afghanistan and on the southwest by the Iranian section of Baluchistan. In the east, Pakistan is separated

unresolved non-water related issues with one 's neighbours, both water-related and otherwise, is also an exacerbating factor in water conflicts. Israel, Syria, and Turkey, each and respectively have difficult political issues outstanding, which makes discussions on the Jordan and Euphrates more intricate. Relative development can inform the nature of water disputes in a number of ways. For example, a more-developed region may have better options to alternative sources of water, or to different water management