Infrared Data Association

Use It • Who Use It 3 3. Data Communication Concepts • Bandwidth • Security 5 4. Technology Capabilities • Performance 5 5. Example Of Technology In Market 6 6. Advantages and disadvantages 7 7. Conclusion 8 8. Reference 8 9. Report 9 INFRARED DATA ASSOCIATION (IrDA) 1. INTRODUCTION Infrared Data Association (IrDA) founded on 1993. IrDA is utilized for high speed short range, line of sight, point-to-point cordless data transfer via infrared light waves. IrDA is the

transmission techniques can further maximize the transfer of data rate through VLC. Till now this technique was implemented through white LED bulbs only but groups at the University of Oxford and the University of Edinburgh are focusing on parallel data transmission by the use of multiple LEDs or array of LEDs, where each LED allows a different stream of data. Mixtures of red, blue, green LEDs are also used by some teams to encode different data channels by varying the light frequencies. In simple words

areas defined for the IEEE 802.11 standard? Physical Layer (PHY): The method of transmitting the data, which may be either RF or infrared (although infrared is rarely used.) Medium Access Control (MAC): The reliability of the data service, access control to the shared wireless medium, protecting the privacy of the transmitted data. MAC management protocols and services: Authentication, association, data delivery, and privacy. 3. What is an ad hoc network? In this network, the wireless clients

Plant water stress is a major factor affecting crop yield. With the ever-increasing human population, there is a constant stress exerted on water resources (McGwire et al., 2000). So irrigation to avoid or relieve this stress must be done judiciously, not only to avoid environmental problems such as groundwater pollution and runoff, but also to keep the cost down on a limited and expensive resource. Soil moisture sensors are often used for precision irrigation control purposes. However, soil moisture

throughput phenotyping (Montes et al., 2007; Chapman, 2008). Leaf water status has been successfully estimated using the near infrared and shortwave infrared (Zygielbaum et al., 2009). In contrast, the mid and thermal infrared (2.5–14 μm) domain is mostly ignored because of a number of challenges, including unavailability of spectroradiometers (i.e. sensitive to the mid to thermal infrared), and the subtle variations in

Scorpions are the most ancient predatory class of arthropods that lived on earth for millions of years. There have been more than 1,500 species of scorpions identified worldwide and there are only 25 of them venomous to humans and other organism. Scorpions’ venom has played a critical role in their survival due to its exceptional mixture of component which consists of enzymes, short peptides, simple amino acids and other chemical secreted from the venom glands. These short peptides (30-80 amino acid)

world of internet with the technology like Wi-Fi. The Wi-Fi technology uses 2.4-5GHz RF for sending the data at high speeds. But, Wi-Fi has some drawbacks such as, it has limited range up to only 100 metres and also bandwidth limited up to 50-100 Mbps. To overcome the drawback of the Wi-Fi Professor Harald hass (a German Physicist) has come up with a phenomenal concept of Data through illumination. Data through illumination

The results from the ancillary data analysis were also in agreement with results of the AFF model. Introduction Aerosols are one of the key factors responsible for the climate change and influencing the radiation budget of the earth. Columnar Aerosol loading

in this case, the greenhouse gases do not get out of hand. Crucial importance to the future of Earth relies on the monitoring and detecting greenhouses gases and the best way to do so is by the use of orbital satellites. The use of remotely sensed data can be used to measure greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere, thus helping authorities to make better decisions related to climate change. There are reports that try to measure climate change rate but one thing that all scientists can agree on

The soil is a complex mixture of minerals, water, air, organisms and organic matter that are decaying remains of once-living things. The soil is vital in supporting plant life and all forms life. The soil is not consistent throughout the world because of the way that it is formed and environmental factors that vary through the process of soil formation. The factors that play the most important role in the formation of soil are climate, organisms, relief, parent material and time. These factors