Ischemia

Introduction Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. Each year more than 795,000 Americans suffer from a stroke, which means that every forty seconds someone has stroke (Liebman, 2012). Although a stroke can occur at any age, strokes are frequently seen in the older adult demographics. An increase with age doubles the risk for a stroke each decade after 55 (Grysiewicz, 2008). The percentage of stroke survivors to almost fully recover from a stroke is only 10 percent; in

The heart has an innate ability to protect itself during times of metabolic stress. Brief cycles of ischemia and reperfusion from ischemic preconditioning help to build resistance against subsequent prolonged ischemic episodes. ATP-sensitive potassium channels contribute to the preconditioning of heart cells, yet medical researchers have an incomplete understanding of the mitochondrial KATP (mitoKATP) channel. Preliminary research suggests that ROMK2 is the pore-forming subunit of the mitoKATP channel

INTRODUCTION: Numerous human maladies are portrayed by clutters of the vasculature. In ischemic coronary illness or fringe conduit ailment, deficient blood vasculature prompts tissue ischemia. In malignancy, tumour angiogenesis adds to tumour development and metastasis. Out of the numerous players in the angiogenesis field, the vascular endothelial development variables are by a wide margin the best portrayed and a few VEGFs have as of

Pathophysiology There are four pathophysiological processes involved in PCAS which include brain injury, myocardial dysfunction, systemic ischemia or reperfusion injury and other health issues that caused the cardiac arrest2.There are three main causes of brain injury related to PCAS which are impaired cerebrovascular autoregulation, cerebral oedema and post ischemia neurodegeneration8. Cerebrovascular autoregulation is a physiological process which is responsible for maintaining an adequate amount of

commonly referred to as stroke. Medically speaking a stroke is a “focal neurological disorder of abrupt development due to a pathological process in blood vessels” (J. N. Walton, 1994). There are 2 types of stroke: Transient Ischemic Attacks: The term ischemia was coined by Rudolf Virchow, a German physician and the founder of German medicine.

inflammation, and these can often cause additional damage (Torgersen, Bjelland, Klepstad, Kvale, Soreide et al., 2010). Also, by cooling the body to the designated range the metabolic rate slows down and decreases oxygen demand. This allows tissue to avoid ischemia, in particular the brain and heart. The brain is protected in many ways including preserving the blood brain barrier and decreasing harmful free radicals (Wall, 2011). More recent studies done on animals have been performed in order to manipulate

This first clinical of med-surg at 3 North, was a little nerve-racking. I wasn’t sure how I was going readapt myself to this, on the floor clinical experience. I wasn’t sure what to expect for this clinical, all I was sure about was to go with the flow and learn. The patient I had chosen to care for during pre-assessment, was a 93-year-old lady that had chest pain and CAD. I looked forward caring for the patient but I had a bad feeling about the patient before I got to clinical. Unfortunately, the

The Los Angeles Times, the article “Spice up your diet for a longer life, study suggests”, journalist and author Karen Kaplan states that a study suggests that consuming spicy food can lead to a longer life. The article summarizes a cohort study conducted in China of nearly 490,000 individuals, looking specifically at their diet. When joining the study, participants are asked detailed questions about their health history and eating habits along with how often they ate spicy foods. According to the

majority of these cases are fatal.2 If return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) is attained, only 8.3% of all patients who experience SCA have a favorable neurologic outcome.2 It has been shown that without perfusion to the brain for five minutes, ischemia produces the release of inflammatory mediators that ultimately result in cerebral injury.3 Almost three decades ago, evidence to support a potential treatment for this brain injury emerged. It was demonstrated in animal studies that moderate (34°C)

My reflection to “BMJ Salt reduction in England from 2003 to 2011: its relationship to blood pressure, stroke and ischemic heart disease mortality” America, along with many other countries across the world, eat more salt than the body needs on a day to day basis. This is often caused by greasy fast food, the intake of too many food items containing salt, as well as the fact that on almost every table in a household has a salt shaker present. Everyday citizens tend to not concern themselves with