Islets of Langerhans

The type 1 diabetes mellitus or DM1 corresponds to the formerly called insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), juvenile - onset diabetes or infantojuvenil diabetes . No insulin production is observed, due to the destruction of the β cells of the Islets of Langerhans of the pancreas . The destruction usually occurs in relatively short periods, especially in the youngest ones, predisposing to a serious decompensation of the metabolism called ketoacidosis. It is more common in young people (under 25 years

Madison Miller    Revised Background Research           The topic is artificial pancreases and how they help people with diabetes. But how does a pump work to help regulate ones blood sugar if diabetic? The independent variable is the acidic solution, distilled white vinegar (1L) that represents the inulin. The dependent variable is the ending variable after the acidic solution has been mixed with the beginning solution, baking powder (90g). The constant variable is the equipment being used for the

gene on chromosome two may lighten the disease risk. Other studies support the idea that environmental factors are important. Gestational infections, or infections in the womb, may contribute to initiation, whereas later infections may accelerate islet beta cell autoimmunity. The development of

Diabetes is a disease in which a person suffers high blood sugar. They suffer from high blood sugar because their pancreas does not produce enough insulin to balance their blood sugar levels, or their cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced. Type 1 diabetes, or juvenile diabetes, is when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin. The pancreas does not produce enough insulin because one’s body destroys the beta-cell in the pancreas (Hatziavramidis, 2013). Type 2 diabetes is when cells

To investigate blood glucose concentrations following food input. This was done by analysing blood glucose concentration data from individuals ingesting various types of food following several hours of fasting. To also examine glucose tolerance test in a clinical context and to further explain glucose concentrations in the body. Results The students who continued fasting after the 12hr fasting period has almost equal amounts of blood glucose concentrations (BGC), during the 90mins period, with

Homeostasis- biological term meaning ‘same state’- is the maintenance of a stable internal environment, despite fluctuations in the external environment. The stability is maintained through dynamic equilibrium. If dynamic equilibrium is unable to effectively counteract the effects of an external change on an internal environment, there are systems in place- internally- that also act as regulators, such as a negative feedback system. There are 3 components in a homeostatic system: The receptors, the

The pancreas is an extremely important organ for blood glucose homeostasis. The islets of Langerhan in the pancreas are composed of alpha and beta-cells which secrete hormones to help regulate blood glucose. When glucose levels are elevated the hormone insulin is released from the beta-cells in the pancreas. Insulin has several roles within the body. It stops the production of glucose in the liver, since you do not want more glucose to be added to the already elevated concentration of glucose in

(ROS) in the presence of sulfhydryl groups. Dialuric acid is formed in this reduction chemical reaction which is cyclic in nature. The β-cell destruction is triggered by free radicals formed in this redox cycle. The entry of alloxan into the islets of Langerhans is via the GLUT2 glucose transporter. The body has many sulphhydryl groups called thiols which are regularly cleaned up by glutathione. Alloxan is an excellent and most potent chemical to induce experimental DM. The advantages with this oxygenated

happens very quickly and can occur at any age. For people with type 1 diabetes, the problem begins in the pancreas. The pancreas contains the Islets of Langerhans, which are groups of many different types of cells. The can be around 3,000 to 4,000 cells in each cluster. The beta cells, which are responsible for producing insulin, can be found in the islets of Langerhans. In the case of the type 1 diabetes, the body’s immune system damages or destroys the beta cells. This means the cells can no longer provide

1 Assignment The human body is made up of 100 trillion cells. All cells have the same basic structure (see figure 1) however some cells are specialised to suit a specific purpose. An example of this is the pancreatic beta cells found in the islets of Langerhans. These cells are specialised to synthesise the protein insulin that is involved in the metabolism of glucose in the cells. (Layden, 2010) Figure 1 - Picture to show basic structure of a cell. (Farrabee, M J. 2007) But how is insulin made