Kary Mullis

Ever thought about what’s in your DNA? Extracting DNA from a single cell can expose a wide variety of information about your ancestry, traits and even your health. Today there are many molecular techniques that are used to isolate and amplify DNA fragments. The analysis of genes requires multiple copies of the DNA sequences used. For many years gene cloning was the only way to amplify DNA fragments. Gene cloning was labor intensive and requires at least a few days for the bacteria to grow. The cloning

Science as a human endeavour – Genetic modification Genetic engineering, also known as genetic modification, is an import, yet sometimes controversial, field of biology. The applications of genetic engineering can be found in use in numerous aspects of society, especially agriculture and medicine. Humans have been genetically modifying plants and animals for thousands of years through selective breeding, however the direct manipulation of DNA has only existed since the 1970s. One such manipulation

can add a nucleotide only onto a 3 '-OH group that already exists. Because of this condition, we are able to define a chosen region of template sequence which we can then generate millions to billions of copies. This technique was developed by Kary Mullis in 1983 and is a very common indispensable technique which has a variety of uses such as DNA cloning for sequencing, genetic fingerprints, detection and diagnosis of infectious disease (often cancer) etc...

Maintaining National DNA Databases: Struggle between Necessity and Ethic SNEHA SINGH1 1Advocate, Rajasthan High Court, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Email – ssnehassingh1989@gmail.com 1. INTRODUCTION DNA is an acronym, which stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. Every cell in an individual’s body, with the exception of red blood cells and eggs or sperm, contains the full genetic program for that individual in its DNA. The human genome, which consists of about 3 billion base pairs, harbours genetically relevant

Genetic Engineering is highly controversial since some people believe that genetic engineering is playing God. As this fact there is opposition to the progression of the field by people who do not see the value in genetic engineering, or they fear what genetic engineering may lead to for us as people. There is a history of discover that belongs to genetic engineering, which has led to numerous products that have emerged which have brought numerous applications to the society of the world. Though

of DNA within several folds of magnitude to produce a huge amount of DNA molecules. PCR is the most cost-effective, fastest and a reliable technique and can do their job even on minute, poor quality DNA fragments. The technique was developed by Kary Mullis in 1984, but major contribution was put forward by Har Gobind Khorrana in 1971. How is PCR (polymerase chain reaction) done? PCR works in 3 major processes. These three steps are done repeatedly every 30-40 cycles. The 3 processes i.e. Denaturation

A wooded area, a small town just north of Sacramento. Two preteen girls. Two bodies. Two close range bullet holes in their heads. On November 12, 1973, the bodies of two missing girls were found in Yuba County, CA. Over 60 people were actively investigated for the murder-rape until 1976. Then it went cold. Forty-one years later, investigators had two suspects (Thompson). After so many years, the key to finally deducing the crime lay in what the two men left behind, DNA. In a world of flawed justice

large quantity of pure DNA. Scientists found it extremely difficult to get a specific DNA in quantity from the mass of genes present in a biological sample. A technique that amplifies DNA through a simple enzymatic reaction, was developed by Karry Mullis at that time which enabled scientists to make millions - or even billions - of copies of a DNA molecule in a very short time. PCR is a quick, less expensive and a very simple way of copying a specific DNA fragments from minute quantities of source

A DNA fingerprint can be used in forensic analysis to identify suspects. It can be obtained by using restriction enzymes that cut around Variable Number Tandem Repeats (VNTRs) which are unique to each individual. VNTRs, also known as Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) are non-coding stretches of the human genome that consist of short sequences of DNA which are repeated in tandem (Panneerchelvam, 2003). This indicates that these consecutive repetitive sequences are directly adjacent to one another (Treangen

How Technology has Impacted Criminal Investigation? Today, technology has affected our global surroundings in a number of ways. Technology has created a more advanced society and economy. We use technology in every aspect of life today. New innovations and technology helps create a safer atmosphere and reduces the rate of crime. Technology is the usage and knowledge of techniques or is systems of these things. Usage of technology in the criminal justice system is not new but more apparent today