Late Imperial China

which advocated self-sufficiency and limited commercial activities, and pushed to form a relatively closed market system. The statecraft of late imperial China aimed to achieve “the Confucian good life”, referring to each member in the society living in accordance with Confucian values. In particular, people should conduct exchange of good for

a role, the role of women in ancient and imperial China changed throughout the centuries. Some dynasties saw women controlling empires and having immense power while others saw women confined to the home. This change is mirrored in late-imperial China. Late-imperial China (960-1911) saw a gradual increase in the restriction of women’s roles in many aspects of society. The Song Dynasty (960-1279) was the height of woman’s power in late imperial China. Remarriage of widows was common despite

accept money because the act implies broken duty between the couple. The husband failed to protect and provide for his wife and the wife has to give up her chastity. That is one of the main Confucian ideologies regarding marriage, and yet during late Imperial China, polyandry and wife selling are common practices among the lower class. Polyandry refers to a relationship between one female and multiple male sexual partners. The practice usually occurs during poverty and scarcity of women,

for their entire lives, dedication obtains a whole new meaning. Dieyi's training to act as a woman and to reflect femininity in his whole life increases the dissension that is observed within the film as well as its connections to the politics of China. The use of ghastly sound effects, close-up cinematographic techniques, and military involvement combine together in this movie to create a devastatingly dramatic experience. At the beginning of

No matter what one 's social status was, if one was born in China pre twentieth century, one would have at least rudimentary knowledge of Confucian gender values, whether through direct study or through traditions that were already soaked in Confucian ideology. In upper-class society, daughters are taught through study of classical Confucian texts and as a result most have a great understanding and following of those values; sons are likewise taught their role and are required to follow it if they

that discussed the death ritual practices in China. These essays differed in the topics they discussed, varying from beliefs and thoughts about death in China, the differences between burials for different types of people, and of course the specifics of the funerary practices by the Chinese people. While each essay in this book had very different perspectives and details about the Chinese death rituals, the entire book works to show how the fact that China has so many specific rituals is one of the

The traits that define a successful time period in late Imperial China are necessary expansion, unifying the people, and the construction of an effective and incorrupt political structure. The effects of meeting these criteria is sustained influence in following Chinese time periods both short term and long term, as other rulers will benefit from what their predecessors have accomplished, or try to imitate successful policies. As a team, the Kangxi emperor and his successor, the Yongzheng emperor

First of all, the Imperial Examinations were biased against women. At this particular point in time, women were considered to be worth close to nothing. The author of China's Examination Hell: The Civil Service Examinations of Imperial China says “a man who had no sons was considered to be childless.” (Miyazaki, 1976, p. 13). In other words, the female gender weren’t even considered people, lower than a person on the social scale. Women were expected at stay at home and care for the children. The

This book covers a broad overview history of sex and prostitution in ancient China. It provides several examples of prostitutes and courtesans rise to power. Gronewold Sue, Beautiful Merchandise: Prostitution in China 1860-1936. New York: Haworth Press, 1982. The book went into detail about the role of prostitution and its impacts on society and the economy. It also went into detail about the differences between a wife and a prostitute. The book covers the differences between a courtesan and a

The Implementation of Confucian Principles in the Qing Legal System By altering the sentencing practice of the legal system according to Confucian values of filial piety [xiao] and benevolence [ren], the Qing dynasty reinforced Confucian principles in the law. Although using law as a tool of governing is contrary to the teachings in the Analects. Confucius argued that people became evasive and shameless when law was used as a tool for governing, because law would not be able to prevent