Long-term potentiation

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    Abstract: Optogenetics has been used to show that activating a specific ensemble of hippocampal neurons that contribute to a memory engram can erase or even alter a memory. The purpose of the study was to use optogenetics and the addition of an external stimuli to try and create a false memory. Neurons of mice were labeled with a light-sensitive channel during the exploration of a safe room. Mice were then placed in a new room and given foot shocks while simultaneously using light pulses to activate

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    approximately 30 other children 's books. Her reasoning and inspiration for writing such a questioning of authority novel such as “The Giver”, came from the controversial issues she encountered with her aging father, who long term memory was quickly fading. Without his long-term memory, he could no longer recall the things that caused him pain. She realized, if you 're unable to remember the physical and emotional pain, it is impossible to understand what it feels like; so in reality, you haven’t

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    Small molecule screen for modulators of kinesin function in mammalian brain Background: Dementia, loss of intellectual abilities that is severe enough to interfere with social or occupational functioning, is a major socioeconomic problem. Two of the most common causes of dementia are AD (comprising 50-70% of all cases) and FTD, which makes up to 50% of dementias before age 60. Though there have been major efforts to therapeutically treat these diseases, these dementias at present are not curable

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    associated impairments in learning and memory are still poorly understood. In particular, very little is known about whether physiological and molecular changes in identified neurons that are important for learning lead to aging associated decline in long-term memory storage. We approach this problem by delineating the aging associated changes in two well characterized neurons, presynaptic LE sensory neurons (LESNs) and postsynaptic L7 motor neuron (L7MN) of Aplysia whose normal functioning is critical

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    fEPSP data The fEPSP was measured in four groups of brain slices, 10 minutes before and 30 minutes after HFS. The results show that all four groups of brain slices had an increase in fEPSP from baseline following HFS (Figure 1a). Therefore, overall LTP was seen in all four groups of brain slices. The two groups of brain slices that were kept at 32°C showed a greater increase in fEPSP from baseline following HFS than the two groups of brain slices kept at 25°C. In the two groups of brain slices

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    effects of lncRNAs in plasticity and memory storage. Mild effects of lncRNA expression changes will be difficult to dissect in vivo. Given that lncRNAs are critical mediators of transcription and translation, the two key processes that regulate long-term synaptic plasticity, we are confident that we will be able to identify lncRNAs that are critical for synaptic plasticity and memory. We are certainly interested in the mild effects of lncRNAs, but during the two-year funding of this project, we sought

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    associated impairments in learning and memory are still poorly understood. In particular, very little is known about whether physiological and molecular changes in identified neurons that are important for learning lead to aging associated decline in long-term memory storage. We approach this problem by delineating the aging associated changes in two well characterized neurons, presynaptic LE sensory neurons (LESNs) and postsynaptic L7 motor neuron (L7MN) of Aplysia whose normal functioning is critical

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    What is Autism?

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    hyperactivity (Dolan et al. 5671). Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common inherited form of intellectual disability and is universally recognized as the monogenic cause of Autism. The gene responsible for Fragile X Syndrome, FMR1, is located on the long arm of the X chromosome. It contains a CGG repeat sequence in the 5’-untranslated region that, on expansion to greater than 200 repeats, results in gene methylation and transcriptional silencing of the FMR1 gene. The absence of its protein product

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    only what we pay attention to; we pay attention to what we want,” is a famous memory quote stated by an actor, Edward Bolles. Memory is a broad term that reflects different processing abilities on how humans encode, store and retrieves information. There are numerous domains in the human’s memory ability with the storage and retrieval of short-term and long-term information. For many centuries, theorist has tested recall and recognition capabilities on the human’s memory functions. Memory retention is

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    Foundation (NSF). The Faculty Early Career Development Award from NSF is one of the most prestigious awards for the early career scientists. This award will support my research to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying synapse specific long-term memory storage. Specifically, I will investigate the role of kinesin mediated transport of RNAs in establishing synapse specific plasticity and synaptic tagging using the sensory-motor neuron connections of Aplysia gill withdrawal reflex. I am

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