Medina

Report on The Constitution of Medina The Constitution Of Medina, ed. and tr. A. Guillaume; reprinted in C. Warren Hollister et al.,eds, Medieval Europe: A Short Source Book (New york, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill, 1982; 4th ed.2002), 81-83. The Constitution of Medina was both a religious and political document written by Muhammad and his followers. It was written in the later part of the early sixth century of the current era. The document shows the structure upon which Muhammad organized both the political

Medina County Medina county is located in southwestern Texas. On February 12, 1848, Medina county became its own county when the legislature separated it apart from Bexar County, but on August 7, 1848 the county began to be organized. The county is named after the Medina River which passes through the county. The county seat was Castroville (1848-1892) but is now Hondo. The population of Medina county is estimated to be 48,417. Agribusiness, tourism, and commutes to San Antonio are mainly the economical

1. When can an employee’s religious belief qualify as a bona fide occupational qualification? In order to use the BFOQ exception, an employer must prove that no member of the group you are discriminating against could perform the job. Using the religious example, a Lutheran church would argue that only a Lutheran could effectively practice and preach the tenants of their religion and a Catholic would be unable to perform the job due to his or her beliefs. Courts are very careful to only allow very

Islam’s spread throughout the Middle East has a unique history. Muhammad vision for a new faith, the use of military power, and developing a system of administration control of the people in the Middle East, even for Christians and Jews. Muhammad who founded Islam from a vision he had was dedicated to reaching out teach it. The first three years were rough for Muhammad following his vision, many people weren’t interested in the teaching of Islam. In the beginning roughly a hand full of follows decided

Muhammad and the Rise of Islam The Prophet Muhammad was born sometime around 570 AD. Both of his parents died before he reached the age of six. He was raised by his uncle and grandfather. He was born in the Quraish, the most powerful tribe in Mecca. The power of the Quraish come from the work of successful merchants. They controlled trade along the west coast of Arabia, north to Syria, and south to Yemen. The two polytheistic cults, who resided in Mecca, believed their success in trade was protected

saw religion replacing kinship as the basis of a collective identity, however, he was a charismatic peacemaker who preached the divine revelations of the one true God – Allah, these would later become part of the Qur’an. Muhammad became a leader in Medina, and his followers became known as the Ummah (a single community of believers which transcends place). The Muslim people saw Muhammad not as a ‘divine figure’ but as the ‘perfect man’, he had so completely given himself to his divine revelations that

In the year wchih followed the Revelation, Muhammad began his public preaching. The first converts include his wife – Khadija, cousin – Ali, other people closely related to him, and eventually more people from his own clan of Hashim. At first there was no sign of opposition against Muhammad’s teaching, but as it become more widespread in Mecca, people start seeing it as a threat to the city’s stability. Muhammad’s message about a single, all-powerful deity negates the legitimacy of the haram and

trans-tribal state occurred during his population of Medina. After he was persecuted in Mecca, Mohammad sought refuge in Medina. After successfully gaining protection from its tribes Mohammad sought to make Medina a better place. Mohammad immediately planted crops, created employment, found water alternatives, and created a town center. After surpassing necessities Mohammad moved on to his ultimate goal- a unified, religious state. Mohammad sought to make Medina a monotheistic state in contrast to the rampant

Aside from the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem and the mosque of Cordoba, the Great Mosque at Damascus is perhaps one of the grandest symbols of Islamic art still standing in the 21st century. The building borrows palatial architecture and is decorated with intense mosaics and paintings; most of which have been destroyed but evidence is still there. Underneath the impressive double decker arches are arrangements of spolia from the Roman Empire and intricate images of a beautiful natural landscape

During the birth of Islam, Muhammad started to gain many followers. His followers accompanied Muhammad on the Hijra in the year 622. The Hijra was the migration of Muhammad and his followers to Yatrib; now known as Medina. During Muhammad’s time in Medina, it was the beginning to strategically set himself up for a jihad against the pagan Meccans. It was important to spread Islam across the Middle East and diminish the pagan practices in the holiest city of Islam. Some of his followers